PRECIS P. Saint-Andre Internet-Draft Cisco Systems, Inc. Obsoletes: 3454 (if approved) M. Blanchet Intended status: Standards Track Viagenie Expires: May 25, 2014 November 21, 2013 PRECIS Framework: Preparation and Comparison of Internationalized Strings in Application Protocols draft-ietf-precis-framework-12 Abstract Application protocols using Unicode characters in protocol strings need to properly prepare such strings in order to perform valid comparison operations (e.g., for purposes of authentication or authorization). This document defines a framework enabling application protocols to perform the preparation and comparison of internationalized strings ("PRECIS") in a way that depends on the properties of Unicode characters and thus is agile with respect to versions of Unicode. As a result, this framework provides a more sustainable approach to the handling of internationalized strings than the previous framework, known as Stringprep (RFC 3454). This document obsoletes RFC 3454. Status of this Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on May 25, 2014. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2013 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 1] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3. String Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.2. IdentifierClass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.3. FreeformClass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4. Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.1. Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.2. Building Application-Layer Constructs . . . . . . . . . . 12 4.3. A Note about Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 5. Order of Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 6. Code Point Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 7. Category Definitions Used to Calculate Derived Property . . . 16 7.1. LetterDigits (A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 7.2. Unstable (B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 7.3. IgnorableProperties (C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 7.4. IgnorableBlocks (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 7.5. LDH (E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 7.6. Exceptions (F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 7.7. BackwardCompatible (G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 7.8. JoinControl (H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 7.9. OldHangulJamo (I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 7.10. Unassigned (J) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7.11. ASCII7 (K) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7.12. Controls (L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7.13. PrecisIgnorableProperties (M) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 7.14. Spaces (N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 7.15. Symbols (O) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 7.16. Punctuation (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 7.17. HasCompat (Q) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 7.18. OtherLetterDigits (R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 8. Calculation of the Derived Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 9. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 9.1. PRECIS Derived Property Value Registry . . . . . . . . . . 23 9.2. PRECIS Base Classes Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 9.3. PRECIS Profiles Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 2] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 10. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 10.1. General Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 10.2. Use of the IdentifierClass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 10.3. Use of the FreeformClass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 10.4. Local Character Set Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 10.5. Visually Similar Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 10.6. Security of Passwords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 11. Interoperability Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 12. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 12.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 12.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Appendix A. Codepoint Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Appendix B. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 3] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 1. Introduction As described in the problem statement for the preparation and comparison of internationalized strings ("PRECIS") [RFC6885], many IETF protocols have used the Stringprep framework [RFC3454] as the basis for preparing and comparing protocol strings that contain Unicode characters [UNICODE] outside the ASCII range [RFC20]. The Stringprep framework was developed during work on the original technology for internationalized domain names (IDNs), here called "IDNA2003" [RFC3490], and Nameprep [RFC3491] was the Stringprep profile for IDNs. At the time, Stringprep was designed as a general framework so that other application protocols could define their own Stringprep profiles for the preparation and comparison of strings and identifiers. Indeed, a number of application protocols defined such profiles. After the publication of [RFC3454] in 2002, several significant issues arose with the use of Stringprep in the IDN case, as documented in the IAB's recommendations regarding IDNs [RFC4690] (most significantly, Stringprep was tied to Unicode version 3.2). Therefore, the newer IDNA specifications, here called "IDNA2008" ([RFC5890], [RFC5891], [RFC5892], [RFC5893], [RFC5894]), no longer use Stringprep and Nameprep. This migration away from Stringprep for IDNs has prompted other "customers" of Stringprep to consider new approaches to the preparation and comparison of internationalized strings, as described in [RFC6885]. This document defines a framework for a post-Stringprep approach to the preparation and comparison of internationalized strings in application protocols, based on several principles: 1. Define a small set of string classes that specify the Unicode characters (i.e., specific "code points") appropriate for common application protocol constructs. 2. Define each PRECIS string class in terms of Unicode code points and their properties so that an algorithm can be used to determine whether each code point or character category is (a) valid, (b) allowed in certain contexts, (c) disallowed, or (d) unassigned. 3. Use an "inclusion model" such that a string class consists only of code points that are explicitly allowed, with the result that any code point not explicitly allowed is forbidden. 4. Enable application protocols to define profiles of the PRECIS string classes, addressing matters such as width mapping, case folding and other forms of character mapping, Unicode normalization, directionality, and further excluded code points or character categories. Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 4] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 Whereas the string classes define the "baseline" code points for a range of applications, profiling enables application protocols to further restrict the allowable code points beyond those specified for the relevant string class (e.g., characters with special or reserved meaning, such as "@" and "/" when used as separators within identifiers) and to apply the string classes in ways that are appropriate for constructs such as usernames and passwords [I-D.ietf-precis-saslprepbis], nicknames [I-D.ietf-precis-nickname], the localparts of instant messaging addresses [I-D.ietf-xmpp-6122bis], and free-form strings [I-D.ietf-xmpp-6122bis]. Profiles are responsible for defining the handling of right-to-left characters as well as various mapping operations of the kind also discussed for IDNs in [RFC5895], such as case preservation or lowercasing, Unicode normalization, mapping of certain characters to other characters or to nothing, and mapping of full-width and half-width characters. It is expected that this framework will yield the following benefits: o Application protocols will be agile with regard to Unicode versions. o Implementers will be able to share code point tables and software code across application protocols, most likely by means of software libraries. o End users will be able to acquire more accurate expectations about the characters that are acceptable in various contexts. Given this more uniform set of string classes, it is also expected that copy/paste operations between software implementing different application protocols will be more predictable and coherent. Although this framework is similar to IDNA2008 and borrows some of the character categories defined in [RFC5892], it defines additional character categories to meet the needs of common application protocols. The character categories and calculation rules defined under Section 7 and Section 8 are normative and apply to all Unicode code points. The code point table provided under Appendix A is non- normative and merely shows, for illustrative purposes, the consequences of the character categories and calculation rules, as well as the resulting property values. 2. Terminology Many important terms used in this document are defined in [RFC5890], [RFC6365], [RFC6885], and [UNICODE]. The terms "left-to-right" (LTR) and "right-to-left" (RTL) are defined in Unicode Standard Annex #9 Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 5] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 [UAX9]. As of the date of writing, the version of Unicode published by the Unicode Consortium is 6.3; however, PRECIS is not tied to a specific version of Unicode. The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]. 3. String Classes 3.1. Overview IDNA2008 essentially defines a string class of internationalized domain name (IDN), although it does not use the term "string class". (This document does not define a string class for domain names, and application protocols are strongly encouraged to use IDNA2008 as the appropriate method to prepare domain names and hostnames.) Because the IDN string class is designed to meet the particular requirements of the Domain Name System (DNS), additional string classes are needed for non-DNS applications. Starting in 2010, various "customers" of Stringprep began to discuss the need to define a post-Stringprep approach to the preparation and comparison of internationalized strings other than IDNs. This community analyzed the existing Stringprep profiles and also weighed the costs and benefits of defining a relatively small set of Unicode characters that would minimize the potential for user confusion caused by visually similar characters (and thus be relatively "safe") vs. defining a much larger set of Unicode characters that would maximize the potential for user creativity (and thus be relatively "expressive"). As a result, the community concluded that most existing uses could be addressed by two string classes: IdentifierClass: a sequence of letters, numbers, and some symbols that is used to identify or address a network entity such as a user account, a venue (e.g., a chatroom), an information source (e.g., a data feed), or a collection of data (e.g., a file); the intent is that this class will minimize user confusion in a wide variety of application protocols, with the result that safety has been prioritized over expressiveness for this class. Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 6] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 FreeformClass: a sequence of letters, numbers, symbols, spaces, and other characters that is used for free-form strings, including passwords as well as display elements such as human-friendly nicknames in chatrooms; the intent is that this class will allow nearly any Unicode character, with the result that expressiveness has been prioritized over safety for this class (e.g., protocol designers, application developers, service providers, and end users might not understand or be able to enter all of the characters that can be included in the FreeformClass). Future specifications might define additional PRECIS string classes, such as a class that falls somewhere between the IdentifierClass and the FreeformClass. At this time, it is not clear how useful such a class would be. In any case, because application developers are able to define profiles of PRECIS string classes, a protocol needing a construct between the IdentiferClass and the FreeformClass could define a restricted profile of the FreeformClass if needed. The following subsections discuss the IdentifierClass and FreeformClass in more detail, with reference to the dimensions described in Section 3 of [RFC6885]. Each string class is defined by the following behavioral rules: Valid: Defines which code points and character categories are treated as valid input to the string. Contextual Rule Required: Defines which code points and character categories are treated as allowed only if the requirements of a contextual rule are met (i.e., either CONTEXTJ or CONTEXTO). Disallowed: Defines which code points and character categories need to be excluded from the string. Unassigned: Defines application behavior in the presence of code points that are unknown (i.e., not yet designated) for the version of Unicode used by the application. This document defines the valid, contextual rule required, disallowed, and unassigned rules for the IdentifierClass and FreeformClass. As described under Section 4, profiles of these string classes are responsible for defining the width mapping, additional mapping, case mapping, normalization, directionality, and exclusion rules. 3.2. IdentifierClass Most application technologies need strings that can be used to refer to, include, or communicate protocol strings like usernames, file Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 7] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 names, data feed identifiers, and chatroom names. We group such strings into a class called "IdentifierClass" having the following features. 3.2.1. Valid o Code points traditionally used as letters and numbers in writing systems, i.e., the LetterDigits ("A") category first defined in [RFC5892] and listed here under Section 7.1. o Code points in the range U+0021 through U+007E, i.e., the (printable) ASCII7 ("K") rule defined under Section 7.11. These code points are "grandfathered" into PRECIS and thus are valid even if they would otherwise be disallowed according to the property-based rules specified in the next section. Note: Although the PRECIS IdentifierClass re-uses the LetterDigits category from IDNA2008, the range of characters allowed in the IdentifierClass is wider than the range of characters allowed in IDNA2008. The main reason is that IDNA2008 applies the Unstable category before the LetterDigits category, thus disallowing uppercase characters, whereas the IdentifierClass does not apply the Unstable category. 3.2.2. Contextual Rule Required o A number of characters from the Exceptions ("F") category defined under Section 7.6 (see Section 7.6 for a full list). o Joining characters, i.e., the JoinControl ("H") category defined under Section 7.8. 3.2.3. Disallowed o Control characters, i.e., the Controls ("L") category defined under Section 7.12. o Ignorable characters, i.e., the PrecisIgnorableProperties ("M") category defined under Section 7.13. o Space characters, i.e., the Spaces ("N") category defined under Section 7.14. o Symbol characters, i.e., the Symbols ("O") category defined under Section 7.15. o Punctuation characters, i.e., the Punctuation ("P") category defined under Section 7.16. o Any character that has a compatibility equivalent, i.e., the HasCompat ("Q") category defined under Section 7.17. These code points are disallowed even if they would otherwise be valid according to the property-based rules specified in the previous section. Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 8] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 o Letters and digits other than the "traditional" letters and digits allowed in IDNs, i.e., the OtherLetterDigits ("R") category defined under Section 7.18. 3.2.4. Unassigned Any code points that are not yet designated in the Unicode character set SHALL be considered Unassigned for purposes of the IdentifierClass, and a string containing such code points SHALL be rejected. 3.3. FreeformClass Some application technologies need strings that can be used in a free-form way, e.g., as a password in an authentication exchange (see [I-D.ietf-precis-saslprepbis] or a nickname in a chatroom (see [I-D.ietf-precis-nickname]). We group such things into a class called "FreeformClass" having the following features. Note: Consult Section 10.6 for relevant security considerations when strings conforming to the FreeformClass, or a profile thereof, are used as passwords. 3.3.1. Valid o Traditional letters and numbers, i.e., the LetterDigits ("A") category first defined in [RFC5892] and listed here under Section 7.1. o Letters and digits other than the "traditional" letters and digits allowed in IDNs, i.e., the OtherLetterDigits ("R") category defined under Section 7.18. o Code points in the range U+0021 through U+007E, i.e., the (printable) ASCII7 ("K") rule defined under Section 7.11. o Any character that has a compatibility equivalent, i.e., the HasCompat ("Q") category defined under Section 7.17. o Space characters, i.e., the Spaces ("N") category defined under Section 7.14. o Symbol characters, i.e., the Symbols ("O") category defined under Section 7.15. o Punctuation characters, i.e., the Punctuation ("P") category defined under Section 7.16. 3.3.2. Contextual Rule Required o A number of characters from the Exceptions ("F") category defined under Section 7.6 (see Section 7.6 for a full list). Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 9] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 o Joining characters, i.e., the JoinControl ("H") category defined under Section 7.8. 3.3.3. Disallowed o Control characters, i.e., the Controls ("L") category defined under Section 7.12. o Ignorable characters, i.e., the PrecisIgnorableProperties ("M") category defined under Section 7.13. 3.3.4. Unassigned Any code points that are not yet designated in the Unicode character set SHALL be considered Unassigned for purposes of the FreeformClass, and a string containing such code points SHALL be rejected. 4. Profiles 4.1. Principles This framework document defines the valid, contextual-rule-required, disallowed, and unassigned rules for the IdentifierClass and the FreeformClass. A profile of a PRECIS string class MUST define the width mapping, additional mapping (if any), case mapping, normalization, directionality, and exclusion rules. A profile MAY also restrict the allowable characters above and beyond the definition of the relevant PRECIS string class (but MUST NOT add as valid any code points or character categories that are disallowed by the relevant PRECIS string class). These matters are discussed in the following subsections. Profiles of the PRECIS string classes MUST register with the IANA as described under Section 9.3. It is RECOMMENDED for profile names to be of the form "ProfilenameBaseClass", where the "Profilename" string is a differentiator and "BaseClass" is the name of the PRECIS string class being profiled; for example, the profile of the IdentifierClass used for localparts of Jabber IDs in the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) is named "JIDlocalIdentifierClass" [I-D.ietf-xmpp-6122bis]. 4.1.1. Width Mapping The width mapping rule of a profile specifies whether width mapping is performed on fullwidth and halfwidth characters, and how the mapping is done (e.g., mapping fullwidth and halfwidth characters to their decomposition equivalents). Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 10] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 The normalization form specified by a profile (see below) has an impact on the need for width mapping. Because width mapping is performed as a part of compatibility decomposition, a profile employing either normalization form KD (NFKD) or normalization form KC (NFKC) does not need to specify width mapping. However, if Unicode normalization form C (NFC) is used then the profile needs to specify whether to apply width mapping; in this case, width mapping is in general RECOMMENDED because allowing fullwidth and halfwidth characters to remain unmapped to their decomposition equivalents would violate the principle of least user surprise. For more information about the concept of width in East Asian scripts within Unicode, see Unicode Standard Annex #11 [UAX11]. 4.1.2. Additional Mappings The additional mappings rule of a profile specifies whether additional mappings are to be applied, such as mapping of delimiter characters, mapping of special characters (e.g., non-ASCII space characters to ASCII space or certain characters to nothing), and case mapping based on locale or on locale and context (see [I-D.ietf-precis-mappings]). 4.1.3. Case Mapping The case mapping rule of a profile specifies whether case mapping is performed (instead of case preservation) on uppercase and titlecase characters, and how the mapping is done (e.g., mapping uppercase and titlecase characters to their lowercase equivalents). If case preservation is not desired, it is RECOMMENDED to use Unicode Default Case Folding as defined in Chapter 3 of the Unicode Standard [UNICODE]. In order to maximize entropy and minimize the potential for false positives, it is NOT RECOMMENDED for application protocols to map uppercase and titlecase code points to their lowercase equivalents when strings conforming to the FreeformClass, or a profile thereof, are used in passwords; instead, it is RECOMMENDED to preserve the case of all code points contained in such strings and then perform case-sensitive comparison. See also the related discussion in [I-D.ietf-precis-saslprepbis]. 4.1.4. Normalization The normalization rule of a profile specifies which Unicode normalization form (D, KD, C, or KC) is to be applied (see Unicode Standard Annex #15 [UAX15] for background information). Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 11] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 In accordance with [RFC5198], normalization form C (NFC) is RECOMMENDED. 4.1.5. Directionality The directionality rule of a profile specifies which strings are to be considered left-to-right (LTR) and right-to-left (RTL), and the allowable sequences of characters in LTR and RTL strings (see Unicode Standard Annex #9 [UAX9]); note that mixed-direction strings are not supported, since there is currently no widely accepted and implemented solution for the processing and display of mixed- direction strings. Possible rules include, but are not limited to, (a) considering any string that contains a right-to-left code point to be a right-to-left string, or (b) applying the "Bidi Rule" from [RFC5893]. 4.1.6. Exclusions The exclusions rule of a profile specifies whether the profile excludes additional code points or character categories above and beyond those excluded by the string class being profiled. That is, a profile MAY do either of the following: 1. Exclude specific code points that are allowed by the relevant string class. 2. Exclude characters matching certain Unicode properties (e.g., math symbols) that are included in the relevant PRECIS string class. As a result of such exclusions, code points that are defined as valid for the PRECIS string class being profiled will be defined as disallowed for the profile. 4.2. Building Application-Layer Constructs Sometimes, an application-layer construct does not map in a straightforward manner to one of the PRECIS string classes or a profile thereof. Consider, for example, the "simple user name" construct in the Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL) [RFC4422]. Depending on the deployment, a simple user name might take the form of a user's full name (e.g., the user's personal name followed by a space and then the user's family name). Such a simple user name cannot be defined as an instance of the IdentifierClass or a profile thereof, since space characters are not allowed in the IdentifierClass; however, it could be defined using a space-separated sequence of IdentifierClass instances, as in the following pseudo- ABNF [RFC5234]: Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 12] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 fullname = namepart [1*(1*SP namepart)] namepart = 1*(idpoint) ; ; an "idpoint" is a UTF-8 encoded Unicode code point ; that conforms to the PRECIS IdentifierClass Similar techniques could be used to define many application-layer constructs, say of the form "user@domain" or "/path/to/file". 4.3. A Note about Spaces With regard to the IdentiferClass, the consensus of the PRECIS Working Group was that spaces are problematic for many reasons, including: o Many Unicode characters are confusable with ASCII space. o Even if non-ASCII space characters are mapped to ASCII space (U+0020), space characters are often not rendered in user interfaces, leading to the possibility that a human user might consider a string containing spaces to be equivalent to the same string without spaces. o In some locales, some devices are known to generate a character other than ASCII space (such as ZERO WIDTH JOINER, U+200D) when a user performs an action like hit the space bar on a keyboard. One consequence of disallowing space characters in the IdentifierClass might be to effectively discourage the use of ASCII space (or, even more problematically, non-ASCII space characters) within identifiers created in newer application protocols; given the challenges involved in properly handling space characters in identifiers and other protocol strings, the Working Group considered this to be a feature, not a bug. However, the FreeformClass does allow spaces, which enables application protocols to define profiles of the FreeformClass that are more flexible than any profiles of the IdentifierClass. In addition, as explained in the previous section, application protocols can also define application-layer constructs containing spaces. 5. Order of Operations To ensure proper comparison, the following order of operations is REQUIRED: Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 13] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 1. Width mapping 2. Optionally, additional mappings such as those as specified in [I-D.ietf-precis-mappings]: 1. Delimiter mapping 2. Special mapping 3. Local case mapping 3. Non-local case mapping 4. Normalization 5. Behavioral rules for determining whether a code point is valid, allowed under a contextual rule, disallowed, or unassigned As already described, the width mapping, additional mapping, non- local case mapping, and normalization operations are specified for each profile, whereas the behavioral rules are specified for each string class. Some of the logic behind this order is provided under Section 4.1.1 and in [I-D.ietf-precis-mappings]. 6. Code Point Properties In order to implement the string classes described above, this document does the following: 1. Reviews and classifies the collections of code points in the Unicode character set by examining various code point properties. 2. Defines an algorithm for determining a derived property value, which can vary depending on the string class being used by the relevant application protocol. This document is not intended to specify precisely how derived property values are to be applied in protocol strings. That information is the responsibility of the protocol specification that uses or profiles a PRECIS string class from this document. The value of the property is to be interpreted as follows. PROTOCOL VALID Those code points that are allowed to be used in any PRECIS string class (currently, IdentifierClass and FreeformClass). Code points with this property value are permitted for general use in any string class. The abbreviated term "PVALID" is used to refer to this value in the remainder of this document. Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 14] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 SPECIFIC CLASS PROTOCOL VALID Those code points that are allowed to be used in specific string classes. Code points with this property value are permitted for use in specific string classes. In the remainder of this document, the abbreviated term *_PVAL is used, where * = (ID | FREE), i.e., either "FREE_PVAL" or "ID_PVAL". CONTEXTUAL RULE REQUIRED Some characteristics of the character, such as its being invisible in certain contexts or problematic in others, require that it not be used in labels unless specific other characters or properties are present. As in IDNA2008, there are two subdivisions of CONTEXTUAL RULE REQUIRED, the first for Join_controls (called "CONTEXTJ") and the second for other characters (called "CONTEXTO"). A character with the derived property value CONTEXTJ or CONTEXTO MUST NOT be used unless an appropriate rule has been established and the context of the character is consistent with that rule. The most notable of the CONTEXTUAL RULE REQUIRED characters are the Join Control characters U+200D ZERO WIDTH JOINER and U+200C ZERO WIDTH NON- JOINER, which have a derived property value of CONTEXTJ. See Appendix A of [RFC5892] for more information. DISALLOWED Those code points that are not permitted in any PRECIS string class. SPECIFIC CLASS DISALLOWED Those code points that are not to be included in a specific string class. Code points with this property value are not permitted in one of the string classes but might be permitted in others. In the remainder of this document, the abbreviated term *_DIS is used, where * = (ID | FREE), i.e., either "FREE_DIS" or "ID_DIS". UNASSIGNED Those code points that are not designated (i.e. are unassigned) in the Unicode Standard. The mechanisms described here allow determination of the value of the property for future versions of Unicode (including characters added after Unicode 5.2 or 6.3 depending on the category, since some categories in this document are reused from IDNA2008 and therefore were defined at the time of Unicode 5.2). Changes in Unicode properties that do not affect the outcome of this process therefore do not affect this framework. For example, a character can have its Unicode General_Category value [UNICODE] change from So to Sm, or from Lo to Ll, without affecting the algorithm results. Moreover, even if such changes were to result, the BackwardCompatible list (Section 7.7) can be adjusted to ensure the stability of the results. Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 15] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 7. Category Definitions Used to Calculate Derived Property The derived property obtains its value based on a two-step procedure: 1. Characters are placed in one or more character categories either (1) based on core properties defined by the Unicode Standard or (2) by treating the code point as an exception and addressing the code point based on its code point value. These categories are not mutually exclusive. 2. Set operations are used with these categories to determine the values for a property specific to a given string class. These operations are specified under Section 8. (Note: Unicode property names and property value names might have short abbreviations, such as "gc" for the General_Category property and "Ll" for the Lowercase_Letter property value of the gc property.) In the following specification of character categories, the operation that returns the value of a particular Unicode character property for a code point is designated by using the formal name of that property (from the Unicode PropertyAliases.txt [1]) followed by '(cp)' for "code point". For example, the value of the General_Category property for a code point is indicated by General_Category(cp). The first ten categories (A-J) shown below were previously defined for IDNA2008 and are copied directly from [RFC5892]. Some of these categories are reused in PRECIS and some of them are not; however, the lettering of categories is retained to prevent overlap and to ease implementation of both IDNA2008 and PRECIS in a single software application. The next eight categories (K-R) are specific to PRECIS. 7.1. LetterDigits (A) Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] and copied here for use in PRECIS. A: General_Category(cp) is in {Ll, Lu, Lm, Lo, Mn, Mc, Nd} These rules identify characters commonly used in mnemonics and often informally described as "language characters". For more information, see Chapter 4 of the Unicode Standard [UNICODE]. The categories used in this rule are: o Ll - Lowercase_Letter Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 16] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 o Lu - Uppercase_Letter o Lm - Modifier_Letter o Lo - Other_Letter o Mn - Nonspacing_Mark o Mc - Spacing_Mark o Nd - Decimal_Number 7.2. Unstable (B) Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] but not used in PRECIS. 7.3. IgnorableProperties (C) Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] but not used in PRECIS. See the "PrecisIgnorableProperties (M)" category below for a more inclusive category used in PRECIS identifiers. 7.4. IgnorableBlocks (D) Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] but not used in PRECIS. 7.5. LDH (E) Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] but not used in PRECIS. See the "ASCII7 (K)" category below for a more inclusive category used in PRECIS identifiers. 7.6. Exceptions (F) Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] and used in PRECIS to ensure consistent treatment of the relevant code points. F: cp is in {00B7, 00DF, 0375, 03C2, 05F3, 05F4, 0640, 0660, 0661, 0662, 0663, 0664, 0665, 0666, 0667, 0668, 0669, 06F0, 06F1, 06F2, 06F3, 06F4, 06F5, 06F6, 06F7, 06F8, 06F9, 06FD, 06FE, 07FA, 0F0B, 3007, 302E, 302F, 3031, 3032, 3033, 3034, 3035, 303B, 30FB} This category explicitly lists code points for which the category cannot be assigned using only the core property values that exist in the Unicode Standard. The values are according to the table below: PVALID -- Would otherwise have been DISALLOWED 00DF; PVALID # LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S 03C2; PVALID # GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA 06FD; PVALID # ARABIC SIGN SINDHI AMPERSAND Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 17] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 06FE; PVALID # ARABIC SIGN SINDHI POSTPOSITION MEN 0F0B; PVALID # TIBETAN MARK INTERSYLLABIC TSHEG 3007; PVALID # IDEOGRAPHIC NUMBER ZERO CONTEXTO -- Would otherwise have been DISALLOWED 00B7; CONTEXTO # MIDDLE DOT 0375; CONTEXTO # GREEK LOWER NUMERAL SIGN (KERAIA) 05F3; CONTEXTO # HEBREW PUNCTUATION GERESH 05F4; CONTEXTO # HEBREW PUNCTUATION GERSHAYIM 30FB; CONTEXTO # KATAKANA MIDDLE DOT CONTEXTO -- Would otherwise have been PVALID 0660; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT ZERO 0661; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT ONE 0662; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT TWO 0663; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT THREE 0664; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT FOUR 0665; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT FIVE 0666; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT SIX 0667; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT SEVEN 0668; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT EIGHT 0669; CONTEXTO # ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT NINE 06F0; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT ZERO 06F1; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT ONE 06F2; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT TWO 06F3; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT THREE 06F4; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT FOUR 06F5; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT FIVE 06F6; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT SIX 06F7; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT SEVEN 06F8; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT EIGHT 06F9; CONTEXTO # EXTENDED ARABIC-INDIC DIGIT NINE DISALLOWED -- Would otherwise have been PVALID 0640; DISALLOWED # ARABIC TATWEEL 07FA; DISALLOWED # NKO LAJANYALAN 302E; DISALLOWED # HANGUL SINGLE DOT TONE MARK 302F; DISALLOWED # HANGUL DOUBLE DOT TONE MARK 3031; DISALLOWED # VERTICAL KANA REPEAT MARK 3032; DISALLOWED # VERTICAL KANA REPEAT WITH VOICED SOUND MARK 3033; DISALLOWED # VERTICAL KANA REPEAT MARK UPPER HALF 3034; DISALLOWED # VERTICAL KANA REPEAT WITH VOICED SOUND MARK UPPER HA 3035; DISALLOWED # VERTICAL KANA REPEAT MARK LOWER HALF 303B; DISALLOWED # VERTICAL IDEOGRAPHIC ITERATION MARK Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 18] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 7.7. BackwardCompatible (G) Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] and copied here for use in PRECIS. Because of how the PRECIS string classes are defined, only changes that would result in code points being added to or removed from the LetterDigits ("A") category would result in backward-incompatible modifications to code point assignments. Therefore, management of this category is handled via the processes specified in [RFC5892]. G: cp is in {} This category includes the code points for which property values in versions of Unicode after 5.2 have changed in such a way that the derived property value would no longer be PVALID or DISALLOWED. If changes are made to future versions of Unicode so that code points might change property value from PVALID or DISALLOWED, then this table can be updated and keep special exception values so that the property values for code points stay stable. 7.8. JoinControl (H) Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] and copied here for use in PRECIS. H: Join_Control(cp) = True This category consists of Join Control characters (i.e., they are not in LetterDigits (Section 7.1) but are still required in strings under some circumstances). 7.9. OldHangulJamo (I) Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] and copied here for use in PRECIS. I: Hangul_Syllable_Type(cp) is in {L, V, T} This category consists of all conjoining Hangul Jamo (Leading Jamo, Vowel Jamo, and Trailing Jamo). Elimination of conjoining Hangul Jamos from the set of PVALID characters results in restricting the set of Korean PVALID characters just to preformed, modern Hangul syllable characters. Old Hangul syllables, which are spelled with sequences of conjoining Hangul Jamos, are not PVALID for string classes. Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 19] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 7.10. Unassigned (J) Note: This category is defined in [RFC5892] and copied here for use in PRECIS. J: General_Category(cp) is in {Cn} and Noncharacter_Code_Point(cp) = False This category consists of code points in the Unicode character set that are not (yet) designated. Implementers might want to keep in mind that the Unicode Standard distinguishes between 'unassigned code points' and 'unassigned characters'. The unassigned code points are all but (Cn - Noncharacters), whereas the unassigned characters are all but (Cn + Cs). 7.11. ASCII7 (K) This PRECIS-specific category consists of all printable, non-space characters from the 7-bit ASCII range. By applying this category, the algorithm specified under Section 8 exempts these characters from other rules that might be applied during PRECIS processing, on the assumption that these code points are in such wide use that disallowing them would be counter-productive. K: cp is in {0021..007E} 7.12. Controls (L) L: Control(cp) = True 7.13. PrecisIgnorableProperties (M) This PRECIS-specific category is used to group code points that are discouraged from use in PRECIS string classes. M: Default_Ignorable_Code_Point(cp) = True or Noncharacter_Code_Point(cp) = True The definition for Default_Ignorable_Code_Point can be found in the DerivedCoreProperties.txt [2] file, and at the time of Unicode 6.3 is as follows: Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point + Cf (Format characters) + Variation_Selector - White_Space - FFF9..FFFB (Annotation Characters) - 0600..0604, 06DD, 070F, 110BD (exceptional Cf characters Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 20] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 that should be visible) 7.14. Spaces (N) This PRECIS-specific category is used to group code points that are space characters. N: General_Category(cp) is in {Zs} 7.15. Symbols (O) This PRECIS-specific category is used to group code points that are symbols. O: General_Category(cp) is in {Sm, Sc, Sk, So} 7.16. Punctuation (P) This PRECIS-specific category is used to group code points that are punctuation characters. P: General_Category(cp) is in {Pc, Pd, Ps, Pe, Pi, Pf, Po} 7.17. HasCompat (Q) This PRECIS-specific category is used to group code points that have compatibility equivalents as explained in Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 of the Unicode Standard [UNICODE]. Q: toNFKC(cp) != cp The toNFKC() operation returns the code point in normalization form KC. For more information, see Section 5 of Unicode Standard Annex #15 [UAX15]. 7.18. OtherLetterDigits (R) This PRECIS-specific category is used to group code points that are letters and digits other than the "traditional" letters and digits grouped under the LetterDigits (A) class (see Section 7.1). R: General_Category(cp) is in {Lt, Nl, No, Me} 8. Calculation of the Derived Property Possible values of the derived property are: Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 21] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 o PVALID o ID_PVAL o FREE_PVAL o CONTEXTJ o CONTEXTO o DISALLOWED o ID_DIS o FREE_DIS o UNASSIGNED Note: The value of the derived property calculated can depend on the string class; for example, if an identifier used in an application protocol is defined as profiling the PRECIS IdentifierClass then a space character such as U+0020 would be assigned to ID_DIS, whereas if an identifier is defined as profiling the PRECIS FreeformClass then the character would be assigned to FREE_PVAL. For the sake of brevity, the designation "FREE_PVAL" is used in the code point tables, instead of the longer designation "ID_DIS or FREE_PVAL". In practice, the derived properties ID_PVAL and FREE_DIS are not used in this specification, since every ID_PVAL code point is PVALID and every FREE_DIS code point is DISALLOWED. The algorithm to calculate the value of the derived property is as follows: If .cp. .in. Exceptions Then Exceptions(cp); Else If .cp. .in. BackwardCompatible Then BackwardCompatible(cp); Else If .cp. .in. Unassigned Then UNASSIGNED; Else If .cp. .in. ASCII7 Then PVALID; Else If .cp. .in. JoinControl Then CONTEXTJ; Else If .cp. .in. OldHangulJamo Then DISALLOWED; Else If .cp. .in. PrecisIgnorableProperties Then DISALLOWED; Else If .cp. .in. Controls Then DISALLOWED; Else If .cp. .in. HasCompat Then ID_DIS or FREE_PVAL; Else If .cp. .in. LetterDigits Then PVALID; Else If .cp. .in. OtherLetterDigits Then ID_DIS or FREE_PVAL; Else If .cp. .in. Spaces Then ID_DIS or FREE_PVAL; Else If .cp. .in. Symbols Then ID_DIS or FREE_PVAL; Else If .cp. .in. Punctuation Then ID_DIS or FREE_PVAL; Else DISALLOWED; Note: Use of the name of a rule (such as "Exceptions") implies the set of code points that the rule defines, whereas the same name as a function call (such as "Exceptions(cp)") implies the value that the code point has in the Exceptions table. Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 22] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 9. IANA Considerations 9.1. PRECIS Derived Property Value Registry IANA is requested to create a PRECIS-specific registry with the Derived Properties for the versions of Unicode that are released after (and including) version 6.3. The derived property value is to be calculated in cooperation with a designated expert [RFC5226] according to the rules specified under Section 7 and Section 8, not by copying the non-normative table found under Appendix A. The IESG is to be notified if backward-incompatible changes to the table of derived properties are discovered or if other problems arise during the process of creating the table of derived property values or during expert review. Changes to the rules defined under Section 7 and Section 8 require IETF Review. 9.2. PRECIS Base Classes Registry IANA is requested to create a registry of PRECIS string classes. In accordance with [RFC5226], the registration policy is "RFC Required". The registration template is as follows: Base Class: [the name of the PRECIS string class] Description: [a brief description of the PRECIS string class and its intended use, e.g., "A sequence of letters, numbers, and symbols that is used to identify or address a network entity."] Specification: [the RFC number] The initial registrations are as follows: Base Class: FreeformClass. Description: A sequence of letters, numbers, symbols, spaces, and other code points that is used for free-form strings. Specification: RFC XXXX. [Note to RFC Editor: please change XXXX to the number issued for this specification.] Base Class: IdentifierClass. Description: A sequence of letters, numbers, and symbols that is used to identify or address a network entity. Specification: RFC XXXX. [Note to RFC Editor: please change XXXX to the number issued for this specification.] Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 23] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 9.3. PRECIS Profiles Registry IANA is requested to create a registry of profiles that use the PRECIS string classes. In accordance with [RFC5226], the registration policy is "Expert Review". This policy was chosen in order to ease the burden of registration while ensuring that "customers" of PRECIS receive appropriate guidance regarding the sometimes complex and subtle internationalization issues related to profiles of PRECIS string classes. The registration template is as follows: Name: [the name of the profile] Applicability: [the specific protocol elements to which this profile applies, e.g., "Localparts in XMPP addresses."] Base Class: [which PRECIS string class is being profiled] Replaces: [the Stringprep profile that this PRECIS profile replaces, if any] Width Mapping: [the behavioral rule for handling of width, e.g., "Map fullwidth and halfwidth characters to their decomposition equivalents."] Additional Mappings: [any additional mappings are required or recommended, e.g., "Map non-ASCII space characters to ASCII space."] Case Mapping: [the behavioral rule for handling of case, e.g., "Map uppercase and titlecase characters to lowercase."] Normalization: [which Unicode normalization form is applied, e.g., "NFC"] Directionality: [the behavioral rule for handling of right-to-left code points, e.g., "The 'Bidi Rule' defined in RFC 5893 applies."] Exclusions: [a brief description of the specific code points or characters categories are excluded, e.g., "Eight legacy characters in the ASCII range" or "Any character that has a compatibility equivalent, i.e., the HasCompat category"] Enforcement: [which entities enforce the rules, and when that enforcement occurs during protocol operations] Specification: [a pointer to relevant documentation, such as an RFC or Internet-Draft] In order to request a review, the registrant shall send a completed template to the precis@ietf.org list or its designated successor. Factors to focus on while defining profiles and reviewing profile registrations include the following: o Is the problem being addressed by this profile well-defined? Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 24] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 o Does the specification define what kinds of applications are involved and the protocol elements to which this profile applies? o Would an existing PRECIS string class or profile solve the problem? o Is the profile clearly defined? o Does the profile reduce the degree to which human users could be surprised by application behavior (the "principle of least user surprise")? o Is the profile based on an appropriate dividing line between user interface (culture, context, intent, locale, device limitations, etc.) and the use of conformant strings in protocol elements? o Are the width mapping, case mapping, additional mapping, normalization, exclusion, and directionality rules appropriate for the intended use? o Does the profile explain which entities enforce the rules, and when such enforcement occurs during protocol operations? o Does the profile reduce the degree to which human users could be surprised or confused by application behavior (the "principle of least user surprise")? o Does the profile introduce any new security concerns such as those described under Section 10 of this document (e.g., false positives for authentication or authorization)? 10. Security Considerations 10.1. General Issues The security of applications that use this framework can depend in part on the proper preparation and comparison of internationalized strings. For example, such strings can be used to make authentication and authorization decisions, and the security of an application could be compromised if an entity providing a given string is connected to the wrong account or online resource based on different interpretations of the string. Specifications of application protocols that use this framework are encouraged to describe how internationalized strings are used in the protocol, including the security implications of any false positives and false negatives that might result from various comparison operations. For some helpful guidelines, refer to [RFC6943], [RFC5890], [UTR36], and [UTS39]. 10.2. Use of the IdentifierClass Strings that conform to the IdentifierClass and any profile thereof are intended to be relatively safe for use in a broad range of applications, primarily because they include only letters, digits, Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 25] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 and "grandfathered" non-space characters from the ASCII range; thus they exclude spaces, characters with compatibility equivalents, and almost all symbols and punctuation marks. However, because such strings can still include so-called confusable characters (see Section 10.5), protocol designers and implementers are encouraged to pay close attention to the security considerations described elsewhere in this document. 10.3. Use of the FreeformClass Strings that conform to the FreeformClass and many profiles thereof can include virtually any Unicode character. This makes the FreeformClass quite expressive, but also problematic from the perspective of possible user confusion. Protocol designers are hereby warned that the FreeformClass contains codepoints they might not understand, and are encouraged to profile the IdentifierClass wherever feasible; however, if an application protocol requires more code points than are allowed by the IdentifierClass, protocol designers are encouraged to define a profile of the FreeformClass that restricts the allowable code points as tightly as possible. (The PRECIS Working Group considered the option of allowing superclasses as well as profiles of PRECIS string classes, but decided against allowing superclasses to reduce the likelihood of security and interoperability problems.) 10.4. Local Character Set Issues When systems use local character sets other than ASCII and Unicode, this specification leaves the problem of converting between the local character set and Unicode up to the application or local system. If different applications (or different versions of one application) implement different rules for conversions among coded character sets, they could interpret the same name differently and contact different application servers or other network entities. This problem is not solved by security protocols, such as Transport Layer Security (TLS) [RFC5246] and the Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL) [RFC4422], that do not take local character sets into account. 10.5. Visually Similar Characters Some characters are visually similar and thus can cause confusion among humans. Such characters are often called "confusable characters" or "confusables". The problem of confusable characters is not necessarily caused by the use of Unicode code points outside the ASCII range. For example, in some presentations and to some individuals the string "ju1iet" (spelled with DIGIT ONE, U+0031, as the third character) might appear Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 26] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 to be the same as "juliet" (spelled with LATIN SMALL LETTER L, U+006C), especially on casual visual inspection. This phenomenon is sometimes called "typejacking". However, the problem is made more serious by introducing the full range of Unicode code points into protocol strings. For example, the characters U+13DA U+13A2 U+13B5 U+13AC U+13A2 U+13AC U+13D2 from the Cherokee block look similar to the ASCII characters "STPETER" as they might appear when presented using a "creative" font family. In some examples of confusable characters, it is unlikely that the average human could tell the difference between the real string and the fake string. (Indeed, there is no programmatic way to distinguish with full certainty which is the fake string and which is the real string; in some contexts, the string formed of Cherokee characters might be the real string and the string formed of ASCII characters might be the fake string.) Because PRECIS-compliant strings can contain almost any properly-encoded Unicode code point, it can be relatively easy to fake or mimic some strings in systems that use the PRECIS framework. The fact that some strings are easily confused introduces security vulnerabilities of the kind that have also plagued the World Wide Web, specifically the phenomenon known as phishing. Despite the fact that some specific suggestions about identification and handling of confusable characters appear in the Unicode Security Considerations [UTR36] and the Unicode Security Mechanisms [UTS39], it is also true (as noted in [RFC5890]) that "there are no comprehensive technical solutions to the problems of confusable characters". Because it is impossible to map visually similar characters without a great deal of context (such as knowing the font families used), the PRECIS framework does nothing to map similar- looking characters together, nor does it prohibit some characters because they look like others. Nevertheless, specifications for application protocols that use this framework MUST describe how confusable characters can be abused to compromise the security of systems that use the protocol in question, along with any protocol-specific suggestions for overcoming those threats. In particular, software implementations and service deployments that use PRECIS-based technologies are strongly encouraged to define and implement consistent policies regarding the registration, storage, and presentation of visually similar characters. The following recommendations are appropriate: 1. An application service SHOULD define a policy that specifies the scripts or blocks of characters that the service will allow to be registered (e.g., in an account name) or stored (e.g., in a file Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 27] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 name). Such a policy SHOULD be informed by the languages and scripts that are used to write registered account names; in particular, to reduce confusion, the service SHOULD forbid registration or storage of strings that contain characters from more than one script and SHOULD restrict registrations to characters drawn from a very small number of scripts (e.g., scripts that are well-understood by the administrators of the service, to improve manageability). 2. User-oriented application software SHOULD define a policy that specifies how internationalized strings will be presented to a human user. Because every human user of such software has a preferred language or a small set of preferred languages, the software SHOULD gather that information either explicitly from the user or implicitly via the operating system of the user's device. Furthermore, because most languages are typically represented by a single script or a small set of scripts, and because most scripts are typically contained in one or more blocks of characters, the software SHOULD warn the user when presenting a string that mixes characters from more than one script or block, or that uses characters outside the normal range of the user's preferred language(s). (Such a recommendation is not intended to discourage communication across different communities of language users; instead, it recognizes the existence of such communities and encourages due caution when presenting unfamiliar scripts or characters to human users.) The challenges inherent in supporting the full range of Unicode code points have in the past led some to hope for a way to programmatically negotiate more restrictive ranges based on locale, script, or other relevant factors, to tag the locale associated with a particular string, etc. As a general-purpose internationalization technology, the PRECIS framework does not include such mechanisms. 10.6. Security of Passwords Two goals of passwords are to maximize the amount of entropy and to minimize the potential for false positives. These goals can be achieved in part by allowing a wide range of code points and by ensuring that passwords are handled in such a way that code points are not compared aggressively. Therefore, it is NOT RECOMMENDED for application protocols to profile the FreeformClass for use in passwords in a way that removes entire categories (e.g., by disallowing symbols or punctuation). Furthermore, it is NOT RECOMMENDED for application protocols to map uppercase and titlecase code points to their lowercase equivalents in such strings; instead, it is RECOMMENDED to preserve the case of all code points contained in such strings and to compare them in a case-sensitive manner. Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 28] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 That said, software implementers need to be aware that there exist tradeoffs between entropy and usability. For example, allowing a user to establish a password containing "uncommon" code points might make it difficult for the user to access a service when using an unfamiliar or constrained input device. Some application protocols use passwords directly, whereas others reuse technologies that themselves process passwords (one example of such a technology is the Simple Authentication and Security Layer [RFC4422]). Moreover, passwords are often carried by a sequence of protocols with backend authentication systems or data storage systems such as RADIUS [RFC2865] and LDAP [RFC4510]. Developers of application protocols are encouraged to look into reusing these profiles instead of defining new ones, so that end-user expectations about passwords are consistent no matter which application protocol is used. 11. Interoperability Considerations Although strings that are consumed in PRECIS-based application protocols are often encoded using UTF-8 [RFC3629], the exact encoding is a matter for the application protocol that uses PRECIS, not for the PRECIS framework. It is known that some existing systems are unable to support the full Unicode character set, or even any characters outside the ASCII range. If two (or more) applications need to interoperate when exchanging data (e.g., for the purpose of authenticating a username or password), they will naturally need to have in common at least one coded character set (as defined by [RFC6365]). Establishing such a baseline is a matter for the application protocol that uses PRECIS, not for the PRECIS framework. The PRECIS framework, which is defined in terms of the latest version of Unicode as of the time of this writing (6.3), treats the character U+19DA NEW TAI LUE THAM as DISALLOWED. Implementers need to be aware that this treatment is different from IDNA2008 (originally defined in terms of Unicode 5.2), which treats U+19DA as PVALID. 12. References 12.1. Normative References [I-D.ietf-precis-mappings] Yoneya, Y. and T. NEMOTO, "Mapping characters for PRECIS classes", draft-ietf-precis-mappings-05 (work in Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 29] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 progress), October 2013. [RFC20] Cerf, V., "ASCII format for network interchange", RFC 20, October 1969. [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. [RFC5198] Klensin, J. and M. Padlipsky, "Unicode Format for Network Interchange", RFC 5198, March 2008. [UNICODE] The Unicode Consortium, "The Unicode Standard", 2013, . 12.2. Informative References [I-D.ietf-precis-nickname] Saint-Andre, P., "Preparation and Comparison of Nicknames", draft-ietf-precis-nickname-07 (work in progress), October 2013. [I-D.ietf-precis-saslprepbis] Saint-Andre, P. and A. Melnikov, "Username and Password Preparation Algorithms", draft-ietf-precis-saslprepbis-05 (work in progress), October 2013. [I-D.ietf-xmpp-6122bis] Saint-Andre, P., "Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Address Format", draft-ietf-xmpp-6122bis-09 (work in progress), November 2013. [RFC2865] Rigney, C., Willens, S., Rubens, A., and W. Simpson, "Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS)", RFC 2865, June 2000. [RFC3454] Hoffman, P. and M. Blanchet, "Preparation of Internationalized Strings ("stringprep")", RFC 3454, December 2002. [RFC3490] Faltstrom, P., Hoffman, P., and A. Costello, "Internationalizing Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)", RFC 3490, March 2003. [RFC3491] Hoffman, P. and M. Blanchet, "Nameprep: A Stringprep Profile for Internationalized Domain Names (IDN)", RFC 3491, March 2003. Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 30] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 [RFC3629] Yergeau, F., "UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646", STD 63, RFC 3629, November 2003. [RFC4422] Melnikov, A. and K. Zeilenga, "Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL)", RFC 4422, June 2006. [RFC4510] Zeilenga, K., "Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): Technical Specification Road Map", RFC 4510, June 2006. [RFC4690] Klensin, J., Faltstrom, P., Karp, C., and IAB, "Review and Recommendations for Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs)", RFC 4690, September 2006. [RFC5226] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226, May 2008. [RFC5234] Crocker, D. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF", STD 68, RFC 5234, January 2008. [RFC5246] Dierks, T. and E. Rescorla, "The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.2", RFC 5246, August 2008. [RFC5890] Klensin, J., "Internationalized Domain Names for Applications (IDNA): Definitions and Document Framework", RFC 5890, August 2010. [RFC5891] Klensin, J., "Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA): Protocol", RFC 5891, August 2010. [RFC5892] Faltstrom, P., "The Unicode Code Points and Internationalized Domain Names for Applications (IDNA)", RFC 5892, August 2010. [RFC5893] Alvestrand, H. and C. Karp, "Right-to-Left Scripts for Internationalized Domain Names for Applications (IDNA)", RFC 5893, August 2010. [RFC5894] Klensin, J., "Internationalized Domain Names for Applications (IDNA): Background, Explanation, and Rationale", RFC 5894, August 2010. [RFC5895] Resnick, P. and P. Hoffman, "Mapping Characters for Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA) 2008", RFC 5895, September 2010. [RFC6365] Hoffman, P. and J. Klensin, "Terminology Used in Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 31] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 Internationalization in the IETF", BCP 166, RFC 6365, September 2011. [RFC6885] Blanchet, M. and A. Sullivan, "Stringprep Revision and Problem Statement for the Preparation and Comparison of Internationalized Strings (PRECIS)", RFC 6885, March 2013. [RFC6943] Thaler, D., "Issues in Identifier Comparison for Security Purposes", RFC 6943, May 2013. [UAX9] The Unicode Consortium, "Unicode Standard Annex #9: Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm", September 2012, . [UAX11] The Unicode Consortium, "Unicode Standard Annex #11: East Asian Width", September 2012, . [UAX15] The Unicode Consortium, "Unicode Standard Annex #15: Unicode Normalization Forms", August 2012, . [UTR36] The Unicode Consortium, "Unicode Technical Report #36: Unicode Security Considerations", July 2012, . [UTS39] The Unicode Consortium, "Unicode Technical Standard #39: Unicode Security Mechanisms", July 2012, . URIs [1] [2] Appendix A. Codepoint Table If one applies the property calculation rules from Section 8 to the code points 0x0000 to 0x10FFFF in Unicode 6.3, the result is as shown in the following table, in Unicode Character Database (UCD) format. The columns of the table are as follows: 1. The code point or codepoint range. 2. The assignment for the code point or range, where the value is one of PVALID, DISALLOWED, UNASSIGNED, CONTEXTO, CONTEXTJ, or FREE_PVAL (where the latter includes ID_DIS). Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 32] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 3. The name or names for the code point or range. This table is non-normative, is included only for illustrative purposes, and applies only to Unicode 6.3, not to past or future versions of Unicode. Please note that the strings displayed in the third column are not necessarily the formal name of the code point (as defined in [UNICODE]) because the fixed width of the RFC format necessitated truncation of many names. 0000..001F ; DISALLOWED # 0020 ; FREE_PVAL # SPACE 0021..007E ; PVALID # EXCLAM MARK..TILDE 007F..009F ; DISALLOWED # 00A0..00AC ; FREE_PVAL # NO-BREAK SPACE..NOT SIGN 00AD ; DISALLOWED # SOFT HYPH 00AE..00B6 ; FREE_PVAL # REGISTERED SIGN..PILCROW SIGN 00B7 ; CONTEXTO # MIDDLE DOT 00B8..00BF ; FREE_PVAL # CEDILLA..INV QUEST IND 00C0..00D6 ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET A W GRAV..LAT CAP O 00D7 ; FREE_PVAL # MULTIPLICATION SIGN 00D8..00F6 ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET O W STROKE..LAT SM 00F7 ; FREE_PVAL # DIVISION SIGN 00F8..0131 ; PVALID # LAT SM LET O W STROKE..LAT SM LET 0132..0133 ; FREE_PVAL # LAT CAP LIG IJ..LAT SM LIB IJ 0134..013E ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET J W CIRCUM..LAT SM LET 013F..0140 ; FREE_PVAL # LAT CAP LET L W MID DOT..LAT SM LET 0141..0148 ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET L W STROKE..LAT SM LET 0149 ; FREE_PVAL # LAT SM LET N PRECEDED BY APOS 014A..017E ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET ENG..LAT SM LET Z W CA 017F ; FREE_PVAL # LAT SM LET LONG S 0180..01C3 ; PVALID # LAT SM LET B W STROKE..LAT LET RETR 01C4..01CC ; FREE_PVAL # LAT CAP LET DZ W CARON..LAT SM 01CD..01F0 ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET A W CARON..LAT SM LET J 01F1..01F3 ; FREE_PVAL # LAT CAP LET DZ..LAT SM LET DZ 01F4..02AF ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET G W ACUTE..LAT SM 02B0..02B8 ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET SM H..MOD LET SM Y 02B9..02C1 ; PVALID # MOD LET PRIME..MOD LET REV GLOT ST 02C2..02C5 ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET L ARROW..MOD LET D ARROW 02C6..02D1 ; PVALID # MOD LET CIRCUM ACC..MOD LET HALF TR 02D2..02EB ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET CENT R HALF RING..MOD LET Y 02EC ; PVALID # MOD LET VOICING 02ED ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET UNASPIRATED 02EE ; PVALID # MOD LET DOUBLE APOS 02EF..02FF ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET LOW D ARR..MOD LET LOW L AR 0300..034E ; PVALID # COMB GRAVE ACCENT..COMB UP ARROW BE 034F ; DISALLOWED # COMB GRAPHEME JOINER 0350..0374 ; PVALID # COMB RIGHT ARROWHEAD..GREEK NUM SIG 0375 ; CONTEXTO # GREEK LOW NUM SIGN Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 33] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 0376..0377 ; PVALID # GR CAP LET PAMPHYLIAN DIGAMMA..GR S 0378..0379 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 037A ; FREE_PVAL # GR YPOGEGRAMMENI..GR SM REV DOT LUN 037B..037D ; PVALID # GR SM REV LUN SIG..GR SM REV DOT LU 037E ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK QUEST MARK 037F..0383 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0384..0385 ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK TONOS..GREEK DIALYTIKA TONOS 0386 ; PVALID # GR CAP LET ALPHA W TONOS 0387 ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK ANO TELEIA 0388..038A ; PVALID # GR CAP LET EPSILON W TONOS..GR CAP 038B ; UNASSIGNED # 038C ; PVALID # GREEK CAP LET OMICRON W TONOS 038D ; UNASSIGNED # 038E..03A1 ; PVALID # GR CAP LET EPSILON W TONOS..GR CAP 03A2 ; UNASSIGNED # 03A3..03CF ; PVALID # GREEK CAP LET SIGMA..GR CAP 03D0..03D2 ; FREE_PVAL # GR BETA SYM..GR UPSILON W HOOK 03D3..03D4 ; FREE_PVAL # GR UPSILON W ACUTE AND HOOK..GR UP 03D5..03D6 ; FREE_PVAL # GR PHI SYM..GR PI SYM 03D7..03EF ; PVALID # GR KAI SYM..COPT SM LET DEI 03F0..03F2 ; FREE_PVAL # GR KAPPA SYM..GR LUNATE SIGMA 03F3 ; PVALID # GREEK LET YOT 03F4..03F6 ; FREE_PVAL # GR CAP THETA..GR REV LUNATE EPSILON 03F7..03F8 ; PVALID # GR CAP LET SHO..GR SM LET SHO 03F9 ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LUNATE SIGMA SYM 03FA..0481 ; PVALID # GR CAP LET SAN..CYR SML LET KOPPA 0482 ; FREE_PVAL # CYR THOUSANDS SIGN 0483..0487 ; PVALID # COMB CYR TITLO..COMB CYR POK 0488..0489 ; FREE_PVAL # COMB CYR HUNDRED THOUSANDS SIGN..C 048A..0527 ; PVALID # CYR CAP LET SH I W TAIL..CYR S 0528..0530 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0531..0556 ; PVALID # ARM CAP LET AYB..ARM CAP LET FEH 0557..0558 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0559 ; PVALID # ARM MOD LET LEFT HALF RING 055A..055F ; FREE_PVAL # ARM APOS..ARM ABBREV 0560 ; UNASSIGNED # 0561..0586 ; PVALID # ARM SM LET AYB..ARMENIAN SM LE 0587 ; FREE_PVAL # ARM SM LIG ECH YIWN 0588 ; UNASSIGNED # 0589..058A ; FREE_PVAL # ARMENIAN FULL STOP..ARMENIAN HYPH 058B..058E ; UNASSIGNED # .. 058F ; FREE_PVAL # ARMENIAN DRAM SIGN 0590 ; UNASSIGNED # 0591..05BD ; PVALID # HEBR ACC ETNAHTA..HEBR PNT ME 05BE ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR PUNCT MAQAF 05BF ; PVALID # HEBR PNT RAFE 05C0 ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR PUNCT PASEQ 05C1..05C2 ; PVALID # HEBR PNT SHIN DOT..HEBR PNT SIN DOT Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 34] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 05C3 ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR PUNCT SOF PASUQ 05C4..05C5 ; PVALID # HEBR MARK UP DOT..HEBR MARK LOW DOT 05C6 ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR PUNCT NUN HAFUKHA 05C7 ; PVALID # HEBR PNT QAMATS QATAN 05C8..05CF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 05D0..05EA ; PVALID # HEBR LET ALEF..HEBR LET TAV 05EB..05EF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 05F0..05F2 ; PVALID # HEBR LIG YIDDISH DOUBLE VAV..HEBR L 05F3..05F4 ; CONTEXTO # HEBR PUNCT GERESH..HEBR PUNCTUATIO 05F5..05FF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0600..0604 ; DISALLOWED # ARAB NUM SIGN..ARAB SIGN SAM 0605 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0606..060F ; FREE_PVAL # AR-IND CUBE ROOT..ARAB SIGN MISRA 0610..061A ; PVALID # ARAB SIGN SALLALLAHOU ALAYHE ..AR 061B ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB SEMICOLON 061C ; DISALLOWED # ARAB LET MARK 061D..061D ; UNASSIGNED # .. 061E..061F ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB TRIPLE DOT PUNCT MARK..ARAB Q 0620..063F ; PVALID # ARAB LET KASH..ARAB LET FARSI YEH 0640 ; DISALLOWED # ARAB TATWEEL 0641..065F ; PVALID # ARAB LET FEH..ARAB WAVY HAMZA BEL 0660..0669 ; CONTEXTO # AR-IND DIG ZERO..AR-IND DIG 066A..066D ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB PCT SIGN..ARAB FIVE PNTED STA 066E..0674 ; PVALID # ARAB LET DOTLESS BEH..ARAB LET HIG 0675..0678 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB LET HIGH HAMZA ALEF..ARAB LET 0679..06D3 ; PVALID # ARAB LET TTEH..ARAB LET YEH BARREE 06D4 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB FULL STOP 06D5..06DC ; PVALID # ARAB LET AE..ARAB SM HIGH SEEN 06DD ; DISALLOWED # ARAB END OF AYAH 06DE ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB START OF RUB EL HIZB 06DF..06E8 ; PVALID # ARAB SM HIGH ROUNDED ZERO..ARAB SM 06E9 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB PLACE OF SAJDAH 06EA..06EF ; PVALID # ARAB EMPTY CENTRE LOW STOP..ARAB LET 06F0..06F9 ; CONTEXTO # EXT AR-IND DIG ZERO..EXT A 06FA..06FF ; PVALID # ARAB LET SHEEN W DOT BEL..ARAB 0700..070D ; FREE_PVAL # SYR END OF PARA..SYR HARKLEAN AST 070E ; UNASSIGNED # 070F ; DISALLOWED # SYR ABBR MARK 0710..074A ; PVALID # SYR LET ALAPH..SYR BARREKH 074B..074C ; UNASSIGNED # .. 074D..07B1 ; PVALID # SYR LET SOGDIAN ZHAIN..THAANA LET N 07B2..07BF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 07C0..07F5 ; PVALID # NKO DIG ZERO..NKO LOW TONE APOS 07F6..07F9 ; FREE_PVAL # NKO SYM OO DENNEN..NKO EXCLAMATI 07FA ; DISALLOWED # NKO LAJANYALAN 07FB..07FF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0800..082D ; PVALID # SAMAR LET ALAF..SAMAR MARK NEQUDA 082E..082F ; UNASSIGNED # .. Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 35] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 0830..083E ; FREE_PVAL # SAMAR PUNCT NEQUDAA..SAMAR PUN 083F ; UNASSIGNED # 0840..085B ; PVALID # MANDAIC LET HALQA..MANDAIC GEM 085C..085D ; UNASSIGNED # .. 085E ; FREE_PVAL # MANDAIC PUNCTUATION 085F..089F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 08A0 ; PVALID # ARAB LET BEH W SM V BEL 08A1 ; UNASSIGNED # 08A2..08AC ; PVALID # ARAB LET JEEM W 2 DOTS AB..ARAB 08AD..08E3 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 08E4..08FE ; PVALID # ARAB CURLY FATHA..ARAB DAMMA W 08FF ; UNASSIGNED # 0900..0963 ; PVALID # DEVAN SIGN INV CANDRABINDU..DEVAN V 0964..0965 ; FREE_PVAL # DEVAN DANDA..DEVAN DOUBLE DANDA 0966..096F ; PVALID # DEVAN DIG ZERO..DEVAN DIG NINE 0970 ; FREE_PVAL # DEVAN ABBR SIGN 0971..0977 ; PVALID # DEVAN SIGN HIGH SPACING DOT..DEVAN 0978 ; UNASSIGNED # 0979..097F ; PVALID # DEVAN SIGN HIGH SPACING DOT..DEVAN 0980 ; UNASSIGNED # 0981..0983 ; PVALID # BENG SIGN CANDRABINDU..BENG SIGN VIS 0984 ; UNASSIGNED # 0985..098C ; PVALID # BENG LET A..BENG LET VOC L 098D..098E ; UNASSIGNED # .. 098F..0990 ; PVALID # BENG LET E..BENG LET AI 0991..0992 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0993..09A8 ; PVALID # BENG LET O..BENG LET NA 09A9 ; UNASSIGNED # 09AA..09B0 ; PVALID # BENG LET PA..BENG LET RA 09B1 ; UNASSIGNED # 09B2 ; PVALID # BENG LET LA 09B3..09B5 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 09B6..09B9 ; PVALID # BENG LET SHA..BENG LET HA 09BA..09BB ; UNASSIGNED # .. 09BC..09C4 ; PVALID # BENG SIGN NUKTA..BENG VOW SIGN VOCAL 09C5..09C6 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 09C7..09C8 ; PVALID # BENG VOW SIGN E..BENG VOW SIGN AI 09C9..09CA ; UNASSIGNED # .. 09CB..09CE ; PVALID # BENG VOW SIGN O..BENG LET KHANDA 09CF..09D6 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 09D7 ; PVALID # BENG AU LEN MARK 09D8..09DB ; UNASSIGNED # .. 09DC..09DD ; PVALID # BENG LET RRA..BENG LET RHA 09DE ; UNASSIGNED # 09DF..09E3 ; PVALID # BENG LET YYA..BENG VOW SIG 09E4..09E5 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 09E6..09F1 ; PVALID # BENG DIG ZERO..BENG LET RA W L 09F2..09FB ; FREE_PVAL # BENG RUPEE MARK..BENG GANDA MARK Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 36] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 09FC..0A00 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0A01..0A03 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI SIGN ADAK BINDI..GURMUKHI 0A04 ; UNASSIGNED # 0A05..0A0A ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET A..GURMUKHI LET UU 0A0B..0A0E ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0A0F..0A10 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET EE..GURMUKHI LET AI 0A11..0A12 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0A13..0A28 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET OO..GURMUKHI LET NA 0A29 ; UNASSIGNED # 0A2A..0A30 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET PA..GURMUKHI LET RA 0A31 ; UNASSIGNED # 0A32..0A33 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET LA..GURMUKHI LET LLA 0A34 ; UNASSIGNED # 0A35.OA36 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET VA..GURMUKHI LET SHA 0A37 ; UNASSIGNED # 0A38..0A39 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET SA..GURMUKHI LET HA 0A3A..0A3B ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0A3C ; PVALID # GURMUKHI SIGN NUKTA 0A3D ; UNASSIGNED # 0A3E..0A42 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI VOW SIGN AA..GURMUKHI V 0A43..0A46 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0A47..0A48 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI VOW SIGN EE..GURMUKHI V 0A49..0A4A ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0A4B..0A4D ; PVALID # GURMUKHI VOW SIGN OO..GURMUKHI S 0A4E..0A50 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0A51 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI SIGN UDAAT 0A52..0A58 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0A59..0A5C ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET KHHA..GURMUKHI LET RRA 0A5D ; UNASSIGNED # 0A5E ; PVALID # GURMUKHI LET FA 0A5F..0A65 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0A66..0A75 ; PVALID # GURMUKHI DIG ZERO..GURMUKHI SIGN YA 0A76..0A80 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0A81..0A83 ; PVALID # GUJARATI SIGN CANDRABINDU..GUJARATI 0A84 ; UNASSIGNED # 0A85..0A8D ; PVALID # GUJARATI LET A..GUJARATI VOW CAND 0A8E ; UNASSIGNED # 0A8F..0A91 ; PVALID # GUJARATI LET E..GUJARATI VOW CAND 0A92 ; UNASSIGNED # 0A93..0AA8 ; PVALID # GUJARATI LET O..GUJARATI LET NA 0AA9 ; UNASSIGNED # 0AAA..0AB0 ; PVALID # GUJARATI LET PA..GUJARATI LET RA 0AB1 ; UNASSIGNED # 0AB2..0AB3 ; PVALID # GUJARATI LET LA..GUJARATI LET LLA 0AB4 ; UNASSIGNED # 0AB5..0AB9 ; PVALID # GUJARATI LET VA..GUJARATI LET HA 0ABA..0ABB ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0ABC..0AC5 ; PVALID # GUJARATI SIGN NUKTA..GUJARATI VOW Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 37] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 0AC6 ; UNASSIGNED # 0AC7..0AC9 ; PVALID # GUJARATI VOW SIGN E..GUJARATI VOW 0ACA ; UNASSIGNED # 0ACB..0ACD ; PVALID # GUJARATI VOW SIGN O..GUJARATI SIG 0ACE..0ACF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0AD0 ; PVALID # GUJARATI OM 0AD1..0ADF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0AE0..0AE3 ; PVALID # GUJARATI LET VOC RR..GUJARATI V 0AE4..0AE5 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0AE6..0AEF ; PVALID # GUJARATI DIG ZERO..GUJARATI DIG NINE 0AF0..0AF1 ; FREE_PVAL # GUJARATI ABBR SIGN..GUJARATI RUPEE S 0AF2..0B00 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0B01..0B03 ; PVALID # ORIYA SIGN CANDRABINDU..ORIYA SIGN V 0B04 ; UNASSIGNED # 0B05..0B0C ; PVALID # ORIYA LET A..ORIYA LET VOC L 0B0D..0B0E ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0B0F..0B10 ; PVALID # ORIYA LET E..ORIYA LET AI 0B11..0B12 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0B13..0B28 ; PVALID # ORIYA LET O..ORIYA LET NA 0B29 ; UNASSIGNED # 0B2A..0B30 ; PVALID # ORIYA LET PA..ORIYA LET RA 0B31 ; UNASSIGNED # 0B32..0B33 ; PVALID # ORIYA LET LA..ORIYA LET LLA 0B34 ; UNASSIGNED # 0B35..0B39 ; PVALID # ORIYA LET VA..ORIYA LET HA 0B3A..0B3B ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0B3C..0B44 ; PVALID # ORIYA SIGN NUKTA..ORIYA VOW SIGN 0B45..0B46 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0B47..0B48 ; PVALID # ORIYA VOW SIGN E..ORIYA VOW SIG 0B49..0B4A ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0B4B..0B4D ; PVALID # ORIYA VOW SIGN O..ORIYA SIGN VIRA 0B4E..0B55 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0B56..0B57 ; PVALID # ORIYA AI LEN MARK..ORIYA AU LENG 0B58..0B5B ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0B5C..0B5D ; PVALID # ORIYA LET RRA..ORIYA LET RHA 0B5E ; UNASSIGNED # 0B5F..0B63 ; PVALID # ORIYA LET YYA..ORIYA VOW SIGN VOCA 0B64..0B65 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0B66..0B6F ; PVALID # ORIYA DIG ZERO..ORIYA DIG NINE 0B70 ; FREE_PVAL # ORIYA ISSHAR 0B71 ; PVALID # ORIYA LET WA 0B72..0B77 ; FREE_PVAL # ORIYA FRACT ONE QUART..ORIYA FRACT 0B78..0B81 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0B82..0B83 ; PVALID # TAMIL SIGN ANUSVARA..TAMIL SIGN VIS 0B84 ; UNASSIGNED # 0B85..0B8A ; PVALID # TAMIL LET A..TAMIL LET UU 0B8B..0B8D ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0B8E..0B90 ; PVALID # TAMIL LET E..TAMIL LET AI Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 38] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 0B91 ; UNASSIGNED # 0B92..0B95 ; PVALID # TAMIL LET O..TAMIL LET KA 0B96..0B98 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0B99..0B9A ; PVALID # TAMIL LET NGA..TAMIL LET CA 0B9B ; UNASSIGNED # 0B9C ; PVALID # TAMIL LET JA 0B9D ; UNASSIGNED # 0B9E..0B9F ; PVALID # TAMIL LET NYA..TAMIL LET TTA 0BA0..0BA2 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0BA3..0BA4 ; PVALID # TAMIL LET NNA..TAMIL LET TA 0BA5..0BA7 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0BA8..0BAA ; PVALID # TAMIL LET NA..TAMIL LET PA 0BAB..0BAD ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0BAE..0BB9 ; PVALID # TAMIL LET MA..TAMIL LET HA 0BBA..0BBD ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0BBE..0BC2 ; PVALID # TAMIL VOW SIGN AA..TAMIL VOW SI 0BC3..0BC5 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0BC6..0BC8 ; PVALID # TAMIL VOW SIGN E..TAMIL VOW SIG 0BC9 ; UNASSIGNED # 0BCA..0BCD ; PVALID # TAMIL VOW SIGN O..TAMIL SIGN VIRA 0BCE..0BCF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0BD0 ; PVALID # TAMIL OM 0BD1..0BD6 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0BD7 ; PVALID # TAMIL AU LEN MARK 0BD8..0BE5 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0BE6..0BEF ; PVALID # TAMIL DIG ZERO..TAMIL DIG NINE 0BF0..0BFA ; FREE_PVAL # TAMIL NUM TEN..TAMIL NUM SIGN 0BFB..0C00 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0C01..0C03 ; PVALID # TELUGU SIGN CANDRABINDU..TELUGU SIG 0C04 ; UNASSIGNED # 0C05..0C0C ; PVALID # TELUGU LET A..TELUGU LET VOC L 0C0D ; UNASSIGNED # 0C0E..0C10 ; PVALID # TELUGU LET E..TELUGU LET AI 0C11 ; UNASSIGNED # 0C12..0C28 ; PVALID # TELUGU LET O..TELUGU LET NA 0C29 ; UNASSIGNED # 0C2A..0C33 ; PVALID # TELUGU LET PA..TELUGU LET LLA 0C34 ; UNASSIGNED # 0C35..0C39 ; PVALID # TELUGU LET VA..TELUGU LET HA 0C3A..0C3C ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0C3D..0C44 ; PVALID # TELUGU SIGN AVAGRAHA..TELUGU VOW SI 0C45 ; UNASSIGNED # 0C46..0C48 ; PVALID # TELUGU VOW SIGN E..TELUGU VOW SIGN 0C49 ; UNASSIGNED # 0C4A..0C4D ; PVALID # TELUGU VOW SIGN O..TELUGU SIGN VIRA 0C4E..0C54 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0C55..0C56 ; PVALID # TELUGU LEN MARK..TELUGU AI LEN MARK 0C57 ; UNASSIGNED # Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 39] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 0C58..0C59 ; PVALID # TELUGU LET TSA..TELUGU LET DZA 0C5A..0C5F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0C60..0C63 ; PVALID # TELUGU LET VOC RR..TELUGU VOW S 0C64..0C65 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0C66..0C6F ; PVALID # TELUGU DIG ZERO..TELUGU DIG NINE 0C70..0C77 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0C78..0C7F ; FREE_PVAL # TELUGU FRACTION DIG ZERO..TELUGU S 0C80..0C81 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0C82..0C83 ; PVALID # KANNADA SIGN ANUSVARA..KANNADA SIGN 0C84 ; UNASSIGNED # 0C85..0C8C ; PVALID # KANNADA LET A..KANNADA LET VOC L 0C8D ; UNASSIGNED # 0C8E..0C90 ; PVALID # KANNADA LET E..KANNADA LET AI 0C91 ; UNASSIGNED # 0C92..0CA8 ; PVALID # KANNADA LET O..KANNADA LET NA 0CA9 ; UNASSIGNED # 0CAA..0CB3 ; PVALID # KANNADA LET PA..KANNADA LET LLA 0CB4 ; UNASSIGNED # 0CB5..0CB9 ; PVALID # KANNADA LET VA..KANNADA LET HA 0CBA..0CBB ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0CBC..0CC4 ; PVALID # KANNADA SIGN NUKTA..KANNADA VOW SIG 0CC5 ; UNASSIGNED # 0CC6..0CC8 ; PVALID # KANNADA VOW SIGN E..KANNADA VOW SIG 0CC9 ; UNASSIGNED # 0CCA..0CCD ; PVALID # KANNADA VOW SIGN O..KANNADA SIGN VI 0CCE..0CD4 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0CD5..0CD6 ; PVALID # KANNADA LEN MARK..KANNADA AI LEN MA 0CD7..0CDD ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0CDE ; PVALID # KANNADA LET FA 0CDF ; UNASSIGNED # 0CE0..0CE3 ; PVALID # KANNADA LET VOC RR..KANNADA VOW SIG 0CE4..0CE5 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0CE6..0CEF ; PVALID # KANNADA DIG ZERO..KANNADA DIG NINE 0CF0 ; UNASSIGNED # 0CF1..0CF2 ; PVALID # KANNADA SIGN JIHVAMULIYA..KANNADA S 0CF3..0D01 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0D02..0D03 ; PVALID # MALAY SIGN ANUSVARA..MALAY SIGN VIS 0D04 ; UNASSIGNED # 0D05..0D0C ; PVALID # MALAY LET A..MALAY LET VOC 0D0D ; UNASSIGNED # 0D0E..0D10 ; PVALID # MALAY LET E..MALAY LET AI 0D11 ; UNASSIGNED # 0D12..0D3A ; PVALID # MALAY LET O..MALAY LET TTTA 0D3B..0D3C ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0D3D..0D44 ; PVALID # MALAY SIGN AVAGRAHA..MALAY VOW SIG 0D45 ; UNASSIGNED # 0D46..0D48 ; PVALID # MALAY VOW SIGN E..MALAY VOW SIGN 0D49 ; UNASSIGNED # Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 40] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 0D4A..0D4E ; PVALID # MALAY VOW SIGN O..MALAY LET DOT REP 0D4F..0D56 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0D57 ; PVALID # MALAY AU LEN MARK 0D58..0D5F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0D60..0D63 ; PVALID # MALAY LET VOC RR..MALAY VOW 0D64..0D65 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0D66..0D6F ; PVALID # MALAY DIG ZERO..MALAY DIG NINE 0D70..0D75 ; FREE_PVAL # MALAY NUM TEN..MALAY FRACTION THR 0D76..0D78 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0D79 ; FREE_PVAL # MALAY DATE MARK 0D7A..0D7F ; PVALID # MALAY LET CHILLU NN..MALAY LET 0D80..0D81 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0D82..0D83 ; PVALID # SINH SIGN ANUSVARAYA..SINH SIGN VIS 0D84 ; UNASSIGNED # 0D85..0D96 ; PVALID # SINH LET AYANNA..SINH LET AUYANN 0D97..0D99 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0D9A..0DB1 ; PVALID # SINH LET ALPAPRAANA KAYANNA..SINH L 0DB2 ; UNASSIGNED # 0DB3..0DBB ; PVALID # SINH LET SANYAKA DAYANNA..SINH LETT 0DBC ; UNASSIGNED # 0DBD ; PVALID # SINH LET DANTAJA LAYANNA 0DBE..0DBF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0DC0..0DC6 ; PVALID # SINH LET VAYANNA..SINH LET FAYAN 0DC7..0DC9 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0DCA ; PVALID # SINH SIGN AL-LAKUNA 0DCB..0DCE ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0DCF..0DD4 ; PVALID # SINH VOW SIGN AELA-PILLA..SINH VOW 0DD5 ; UNASSIGNED # 0DD6 ; PVALID # SINH VOW SIGN DIGA PAA-PILLA 0DD7 ; UNASSIGNED # 0DD8..0DDF ; PVALID # SINH VOW SIGN GAETTA-PILLA..SINH VO 0DE0..0DF1 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0DF2..0DF3 ; PVALID # SINH VOW SIGN DIGA GAETTA-PILLA..SI 0DF4 ; FREE_PVAL # SINH PUNCT KUNDDALIYA 0DF5..0E00 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0E01..0E32 ; PVALID # THAI CHAR KO KAI..THAI CHAR SARA A 0E33 ; FREE_PVAL # THAI CHAR SARA AM 0E34..0E3A ; PVALID # THAI CHAR SARA I..THAI CHAR PHINTH 0E3B..0E3E ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0E3F ; FREE_PVAL # THAI CURRENCY SYM BAHT 0E40..0E4E ; PVALID # THAI CHAR SARA E..THAI CHAR YAMAKK 0E4F ; FREE_PVAL # THAI CHAR FONGMAN 0E50..0E59 ; PVALID # THAI DIG ZERO..THAI DIG NINE 0E5A..0E5B ; FREE_PVAL # THAI CHAR ANGKHANKHU..THAI CHAR KH 0E5C..0E80 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0E81..0E82 ; PVALID # LAO LET KO..LAO LET KHO SUNG 0E83 ; UNASSIGNED # 0E84 ; PVALID # LAO LET KHO TAM Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 41] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 0E85..0E86 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0E87..0E88 ; PVALID # LAO LET NGO..LAO LET CO 0E89 ; UNASSIGNED # 0E8A ; PVALID # LAO LET SO TAM 0E8B..0E8C ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0E8D ; PVALID # LAO LET NYO 0E8E..0E93 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0E94..0E97 ; PVALID # LAO LET DO..LAO LET THO TAM 0E98 ; UNASSIGNED # 0E99..0E9F ; PVALID # LAO LET NO..LAO LET FO SUNG 0EA0 ; UNASSIGNED # 0EA1..0EA3 ; PVALID # LAO LET MO..LAO LET LO LING 0EA4 ; UNASSIGNED # 0EA5 ; PVALID # LAO LET LO LOOT 0EA6 ; UNASSIGNED # 0EA7 ; PVALID # LAO LET WO 0EA8..0EA9 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0EAA..0EAB ; PVALID # LAO LET SO SUNG..LAO LET HO SUNG 0EAC ; UNASSIGNED # 0EAD..0EB2 ; PVALID # LAO LET O..LAO VOW SIGN AA 0EB3 ; FREE_PVAL # LAO VOW SIGN AM 0EB4..0EB9 ; PVALID # LAO VOW SIGN I..LAO VOW SIGN UU 0EBA ; UNASSIGNED # 0EBB..0EBD ; PVALID # LAO VOW SIGN MAI KON..LAO SEMIVOW SIG 0EBE..0EBF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0EC0..0EC4 ; PVALID # LAO VOW SIGN E..LAO VOW SIGN AI 0EC5 ; UNASSIGNED # 0EC6 ; PVALID # LAO KO LA 0EC7 ; UNASSIGNED # 0EC8..0ECD ; PVALID # LAO TONE MAI EK..LAO NIGGAHITA 0ECE..0ECF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0ED0..0ED9 ; PVALID # LAO DIG ZERO..LAO DIG NINE 0EDA..0EDB ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0EDC..0EDD ; FREE_PVAL # LAO HO NO..LAO HO MO 0EDE..0EDF ; PVALID # LAO LET KHMU GO..TIB SYL OM 0EE0..0EEF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0F00 ; PVALID # TIB SYLL OM 0F01..0F0A ; FREE_PVAL # TIB MARK GTER YIG MGO TRUNC A..TIB 0F0B ; PVALID # TIB MARK INTERSYLLABIC TSHEG 0F0C..0F17 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB MARK DELIMITER TSHEG BSTAR..TIB 0F18..0F19 ; PVALID # TIB ASTROLOGICAL SIGN -KHYUD PA..TIB 0F1A..0F1F ; FREE_PVAL # TIB SIGN RDEL DKAR GCIG..TIB SIGN RD 0F20..0F29 ; PVALID # TIB DIG ZERO..TIB DIG NINE 0F2A..0F34 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB DIG HALF ONE..TIB MARK BSDUS R 0F35 ; PVALID # TIB MARK NGAS BZUNG NYI ZLA 0F36 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB MARK CARET DZUD RTAGS BZHI MIG C 0F37 ; PVALID # TIB MARK NGAS BZUNG SGOR RTAGS 0F38 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB MARK CHE MGO Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 42] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 0F39 ; PVALID # TIB MARK TSA PHRU 0F3A..0F3D ; FREE_PVAL # TIB MARK GUG RTAGS GYON..TIB MARK AN 0F3E..0F47 ; PVALID # TIB SIGN YAR TSHES..TIB LET JA 0F48 ; UNASSIGNED # 0F49..0F6C ; PVALID # TIB LET NYA..TIB LET RRA 0F6D..0F70 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 0F71..0F76 ; PVALID # TIB VOW SIGN AA..TIB VOW SIGN VO 0F77 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB VOW SIGN VO RR 0F78 ; PVALID # TIB VOW SIGN VO L 0F79 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB VOW SIGN VO LL 0F7A..0F84 ; PVALID # TIB VOW SIGN E..TIB MARK H 0F85 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB MARK PALUTA 0F86..0F8F ; PVALID # TIB SIGN LCI RTAGS..TIB SUBJOIN S 0F90..0F97 ; PVALID # TIB SUBJOIN LET KA..TIB SUBJOIN 0F98 ; UNASSIGNED # 0F99..0FBC ; PVALID # TIB SUBJOIN LET NYA..TIB SUBJOI 0FBD ; UNASSIGNED # 0FBE..0FC5 ; FREE_PVAL # TIB KU RU KHA..TIB SYM RDO RJE 0FC6 ; PVALID # TIB SYM PADMA GDAN 0FC7..0FCC ; FREE_PVAL # TIB SYM RDO RJE RGYA GRAM..TIB SY 0FCD ; UNASSIGNED # 0FCE..0FDA ; FREE_PVAL # TIB SIGN RDEL NAG RDEL DKAR..TIB MA 0FDB..0FFF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1000..1049 ; PVALID # MYAN LET KA..MYAN DIG NINE 104A..104F ; FREE_PVAL # MYAN SIGN LITTLE SECTION..MYAN SYM 1050..109D ; PVALID # MYAN LET SHA..MYAN VOW SIGN AITON 109E..109F ; FREE_PVAL # MYAN SYM SHAN ONE..MYAN SYM SHAN EX 10A0..10C5 ; PVALID # GEORG CAP LET AN..GEORG CAP LET HOE 10C6 ; UNASSIGNED # 10C7 ; PVALID # GEORG CAP LET YN 10C8..10CC ; UNASSIGNED # .. 10CD ; PVALID # GEORG CAP LET AEN 10CE..10CF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 10D0..10FA ; PVALID # GEORG LET AN..GEORG LET AIN 10FB..10FC ; FREE_PVAL # GEORG PARA SEP..MOD LET GEORG NAR 10FD..10FF ; PVALID # GEORG LET AEN..GEORG LET LABIAL 1100..11FF ; DISALLOWED # HANGUL CHO KIYEOK..HANGUL JONG SSA 1200..1248 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL HA..ETHI SYL QWA 1249 ; UNASSIGNED # 124A..124D ; PVALID # ETHI SYL QWI..ETHI SYL QWE 124E..124F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1250..1256 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL QHA..ETHI SYL QHO 1257 ; UNASSIGNED # 1258 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL QHWA 1259 ; UNASSIGNED # 125A..125D ; PVALID # ETHI SYL QHWI..ETHI SYL QH 125E..125F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1260..1288 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL BA..ETHI SYL XWA Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 43] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 1289 ; UNASSIGNED # 128A..128D ; PVALID # ETHI SYL XWI..ETHI SYL XWE 128E..128F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1290..12B0 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL NA..ETHI SYL KWA 12B1 ; UNASSIGNED # 12B2..12B5 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL KWI..ETHI SYL KWE 12B6..12B7 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 12B8..12BE ; PVALID # ETHI SYL KXA..ETHI SYL KXO 12BF ; UNASSIGNED # 12C0 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL KXWA 12C1 ; UNASSIGNED # 12C2..12C5 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL KXWI..ETHI SYL KX 12C6..12C7 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 12C8..12D6 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL WA..ETHI SYL PHAR 12D7 ; UNASSIGNED # 12D8..1310 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL ZA..ETHI SYL GWA 1311 ; UNASSIGNED # 1312..1315 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL GWI..ETHI SYL GWE 1316..1317 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1318..135A ; PVALID # ETHI SYL GGA..ETHI SYL FYA 135B..135C ; UNASSIGNED # .. 135D..135F ; PVALID # ETHI COMB GEM AND VOW..ETHI COMB GE 1360..137C ; FREE_PVAL # ETHI SECT MARK..ETHI NUM TEN THOUS 137D..137F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1380..138F ; PVALID # ETHI SYL SEBATBEIT MWA..ETHI SYL PW 1390..1399 ; FREE_PVAL # ETHI TON MARK YIZET..ETHI TON MARK 139A..139F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 13A0..13F4 ; PVALID # CHEROKEE LET A..CHEROKEE LET YV 13F5..13FF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1400 ; FREE_PVAL # CANAD SYL HYPHEN 1401..166C ; PVALID # CANAD SYL E..CANAD SYL CAR 166D..166E ; FREE_PVAL # CANAD SYL CHI SIGN..CANAD SYLLAB 166F..167F ; PVALID # CANAD SYL QAI..CANAD SYL B 1680 ; FREE_PVAL # OGHAM SPACE MARK 1681..169A ; PVALID # OGHAM LET BEITH..OGHAM LET PEITH 169B..169C ; FREE_PVAL # OGHAM FEATHER MARK..OGHAM REV FEAT 169D..169F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 16A0..16EA ; PVALID # RUNIC LET FEHU FEOH FE F..RUNIC LET 16EB..16F0 ; FREE_PVAL # RUNIC SINGLE PUNCT..RUNIC BELGTHOR 16F1..16FF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1700..170C ; PVALID # TAGALOG LET A..TAGALOG LET YA 170D ; UNASSIGNED # 170E..1714 ; PVALID # TAGALOG LET LA..TAGALOG SIGN VIRAMA 1715..171F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1720..1734 ; PVALID # HANUNOO LET A..HANUNOO SIGN PAMUDPO 1735..1736 ; FREE_PVAL # PHILIP SINGLE PUNCT..PHILIP DOUBLE 1737..173F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1740..1753 ; PVALID # BUHID LET A..BUHID VOW SIGN U Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 44] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 1754..175F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1760..176C ; PVALID # TAGBANWA LET A..TAGBANWA LET YA 176D ; UNASSIGNED # 176E..1770 ; PVALID # TAGBANWA LET LA..TAGBANWA LET SA 1771 ; UNASSIGNED # 1772..1773 ; PVALID # TAGBANWA VOW SIGN I..TAGBANWA VOW S 1774..177F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1780..17B3 ; PVALID # KHMER LET KA..KHMER IND VOW QAU 17B4..17B5 ; DISALLOWED # KHMER VOW INH AQ..KHMER VOW INH AA 17B6..17D3 ; PVALID # KHMER VOW SIGN AA..KHMER SIGN BATHA 17D4..17D6 ; FREE_PVAL # KHMER SIGN KHAN..KHMER SIGN CAMNUC 17D7 ; PVALID # KHMER SIGN LEK TOO 17D8..17DB ; FREE_PVAL # KHMER SIGN BEYYAL..KHMER CURR SYM R 17DC..17DD ; PVALID # KHMER SIGN AVAKRAHASANYA..KHMER SIG 17DE..17DF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 17E0..17E9 ; PVALID # KHMER DIG ZERO..KHMER DIG NINE 17EA..17EF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 17F0..17F9 ; FREE_PVAL # KHMER SYM LEK ATTAK SON..KHMER SYM 17FA..17FF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1800..180A ; FREE_PVAL # MONG BIRGA..MONG NIRUGU 180B..180E ; DISALLOWED # MONG FREE VAR SEL ONE..MONG VOW SEP 180F ; UNASSIGNED # 1810..1819 ; PVALID # MONG DIG ZERO..MONG DIG NINE 181A..181F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1820..1877 ; PVALID # MONG LET A..MONG LET MANCHU 1878..187F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1880..18AA ; PVALID # MONG LET ALI GALI ANUSVARA ONE..MON 18AB..18AF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 18B0..18F5 ; PVALID # CAN SYL OY..CAN SYL CA 18F6..18FF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1900..191C ; PVALID # LIMBU VOW-CARRIER LET..LIMBU LET HA 191D..191F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1920..192B ; PVALID # LIMBU VOW SIGN A..LIMBU SUBJOIN LET 192C..192F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1930..193B ; PVALID # LIMBU SM LET KA..LIMBU SIGN SA-I 193C..193F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1940 ; FREE_PVAL # LIMBU SIGN LOO 1941..1943 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1944..1945 ; FREE_PVAL # LIMBU EXCLAM MARK..LIMBU QUEST MARK 1946..196D ; PVALID # LIMBU DIG ZERO..TAI LE LET AI 196E..196F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1970..1974 ; PVALID # TAI LE LET TONE-2..TAI LE LET TONE- 1975..197F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1980..19AB ; PVALID # NEW TAI LUE LET HIGH QA..NEW TAI LU 19AC..19AF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 19B0..19C9 ; PVALID # NEW TAI LUE VOW SIGN VOW SHORT..NEW 19CA..19CF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 19D0..19D9 ; PVALID # NEW TAI LUE DIG ZERO..NEW TAI DIG N Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 45] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 19DA ; DISALLOWED # NEW TAI LUE THAM 19DB..19DD ; UNASSIGNED # .. 19DE..19FF ; FREE_PVAL # NEW TAI LUE SIGN LAE..KHMER SYM DAP 1A00..1A1B ; PVALID # BUGIN LET KA..BUGIN VOW SIGN AE 1A1C..1A1D ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1A1E..1A1F ; FREE_PVAL # BUGIN PALLAWA..BUGIN END OF SECTION 1A20..1A5E ; PVALID # TAI THAM LET HIGH KA..TAI THAM CONS 1A5F ; UNASSIGNED # 1A60..1A7C ; PVALID # TAI THAM SIGN SAKOT..TAI THAM SIGN 1A7D..1A7E ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1A7F..1A89 ; PVALID # TAI THAM COMB CRYPT DOT..TAI THAM D 1A8A..1A8F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1A90..1A99 ; PVALID # TAI THAM THAM DIG ZERO..TAI THAM TH 1A9A..1A9F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1AA0..1AA6 ; FREE_PVAL # TAI THAM SIGN WIANG..TAI THAM SIGN 1AA7 ; PVALID # TAI THAM SIGN MAI YAMOK 1AA8..1AAD ; FREE_PVAL # TAI THAM SIGN KAAN..TAI THAM SIGN C 1AAE..1AFF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1B00..1B4B ; PVALID # BAL SIGN ULU RICEM..BAL LET ASYURA 1B4C..1B4F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1B50..1B59 ; PVALID # BAL DIG ZERO..BAL DIG NINE 1B5A..1B6A ; FREE_PVAL # BAL PANTI..BAL MUS SYM DANG 1B6B..1B73 ; PVALID # BAL MUS SYM COMB TEGEH..BAL MUS 1B74..1B7C ; FREE_PVAL # BAL MUS SYM RIGHT-HAND OPEN DUG 1B7D..1B7F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1B80..1BF3 ; PVALID # SUND SIGN PANYECEK..BATAK PANONGONAN 1BF4..1BFB ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1BFC..1BFF ; FREE_PVAL # BATAK SYM BINDU NA METEK..BATAK SYM 1C00..1C37 ; PVALID # LEPCHA LET KA..LEPCHA SIGN NUKTA 1C38..1C3A ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1C3B..1C3F ; FREE_PVAL # LEPCHA PUNCT TA-ROL..LEPCHA PUNCT T 1C40..1C49 ; PVALID # LEPCHA DIG ZERO..LEPCHA DIG NINE 1C4A..1C4C ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1C4D..1C7D ; PVALID # LEPCHA LET TTA..OL CHIKI AHAD 1C7E..1C7F ; FREE_PVAL # OL CHIKI PUNCT MUCAAD..OL CHIKI PUN 1C80..1CBF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1CC0..1CC7 ; FREE_PVAL # SUNDA PUNCT BINDU SURYA..SUNDA PUNC 1CC8..1CCF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1CD0..1CD2 ; PVALID # VED TONE KARSHANA..VED TONE PRENKHA 1CD3 ; FREE_PVAL # VED SIGN NIHSHVASA 1CD4..1CF6 ; PVALID # VED SIGN YAJURVEDIC MID SVARITA..VE 1CF7..1CFF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1D00..1D2B ; PVALID # LAT LET SM CAP A..CYR LET SM 1D2C..1D2E ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET CAP A..MOD LET C 1D2F ; PVALID # MOD LET CAP BARRED B 1D30..1D3A ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET CAP D..MOD LET C 1D3B ; PVALID # MOD LET CAP REV N 1D3C..1D4D ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET CAP O..MOD LET S Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 46] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 1D4E ; PVALID # MOD LET SM TURNED I 1D4F..1D6A ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET SM K..GREEK SUB SMA 1D6B..1D77 ; PVALID # LAT SM LET UE..LAT SM LET TU 1D78 ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET CYR EN 1D79..1D9A ; PVALID # LAT SM LET INSULAR G..LAT SM LE 1D9B..1DBF ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET SM TURNED ALPHA..MOD 1DC0..1DE6 ; PVALID # COMB DOTTED GRAVE ACCENT..COMB LAT 1DE7..1DFB ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1DFC..1E99 ; PVALID # COMB DOUBLE INV BREVE BEL..LAT SM L 1E9A ; FREE_PVAL # LAT SM LET A W R HALF RING 1E9B..1F15 ; PVALID # LAT SM LET LONG S W BOT ABOVE..GR 1F16..1F17 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F18..1F1D ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LET EPSILON W PSILI..GRE 1F1E..1F1F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F20..1F45 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET ETA W PSILI..GREEK SMA 1F46..1F47 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F48..1F4D ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LET OMICRON W PSILI..GRE 1F4E..1F4F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F50..1F57 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET UPSILON W PSILI..GREEK 1F58 ; UNASSIGNED # 1F59 ; PVALID # GREEK CAP LET UPSILON W DASIA 1F5A ; UNASSIGNED # 1F5B ; PVALID # GREEK CAP LET UPSILON W DASIA AND 1F5C ; UNASSIGNED # 1F5D ; PVALID # GREEK CAP LET UPSILON W DASIA AND 1F5E ; UNASSIGNED # 1F5F..1F7D ; PVALID # GREEK CAP LET UPSILON W DASIA A..GR 1F7E..1F7F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F80..1F87 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET ALPHA W PSILI AND YPOG 1F88..1F8F ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LET ALPHA W PSILI AND..GR 1F90..1F97 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET ETA W PSILI AND YP..GR 1F98..1F9F ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LET ETA W PSILI AND P..GR 1FA0..1FA7 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET OMEGA W PSILI AND ..GR 1FA8..1FAF ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAPL LET OMEGA W PSILI AN..GR 1FB0..1FB4 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET ALPHA W VRACHY..GREEK 1FB5 ; UNASSIGNED # 1FB6..1FBB ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET ALPHA W PERISPOMEN..GR 1FBC..1FBD ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LET ALPHA W PROSGEGRA..GR 1FBE ; PVALID # GREEK PROSGEGRAMMENI 1FBF..1FC1 ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK PSILI..GREEK DIALYTIKA AND PE 1FC2..1FC4 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET ETA W VARIA AND YP..GR 1FC5 ; UNASSIGNED # 1FC6..1FCB ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET ETA W PERISPOMENI..GR 1FCC..1FCF ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LET ETA W PROSGEGRAM..GR 1FD0..1FD3 ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET IOTA W VRACHY..GREEK S 1FD4..1FD5 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1FD6..1FDB ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET IOTA W PERISPOMENI..GR 1FDC ; UNASSIGNED # Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 47] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 1FDD..1FDF ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK DASIA AND VARIA..GREEK DASIA 1FE0..1FEC ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET UPSILON W VRACHY..GREE 1FED..1FEF ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK DIALYTIKA AND VARIA..GREEK VA 1FF0..1FF1 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 1FF2..1FF4 ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK SM LET OMEGA W VARIA AND YPOG 1FF5 ; UNASSIGNED # 1FF6..1FFB ; PVALID # GREEK SM LET OMEGA W PERISPOMEN..GR 1FFC..1FFE ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK CAP LET OMEGA W PROSGEGRA..GR 1FFF ; UNASSIGNED # 2000..200A ; FREE_PVAL # EN QUAD..HAIR SPACE 200B ; DISALLOWED # ZERO WIDTH SPACE 200C..200D ; CONTEXTJ # ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER..ZERO WIDTH J 200E..200F ; DISALLOWED # LEFT-TO-RIGHT MARK..RIGHT-TO-LEFT M 2010..2027 ; FREE_PVAL # HYPHEN..HYPHENATION POINT 2028..202E ; DISALLOWED # LINE SEP..RIGHT-TO-LEFT OVERRIDE 202F..205F ; FREE_PVAL # NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE..MED MATH SP 2060..2064 ; DISALLOWED # WORD JOINER..INVISIBLE PLUS 2065 ; UNASSIGNED # 2066..206F ; DISALLOWED # LEFT-TO-RIGHT IS..NOM DIGIT SHAPES 2070..2071 ; FREE_PVAL # SUPER ZERO..SUPER LAT SM LET I 2072..2073 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2074..208E ; FREE_PVAL # SUPER FOUR..SUB RIGHT PARENTHESIS 208F ; UNASSIGNED # 2090..209C ; FREE_PVAL # LAT SUB SM LET A..LAT SUB SM LET T 209D..209F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 20A0..20BA ; FREE_PVAL # EURO-CURRENCY SIGN..TURKISH LIRA SI 20BB..20CF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 20D0..20DC ; PVALID # COMB LEFT HARPOON ABOVE..COMB FOUR 20DD..20E0 ; FREE_PVAL # COMB ENC CIRC..COMB ENC CIRC BACKS 20E1 ; PVALID # COMB L R ARROW ABOVE 20E2..20E4 ; FREE_PVAL # COMB ENC SCREEN..COMB ENC UPWARD PO 20E5..20F0 ; PVALID # COMB REV SOLIDUS OVERLAY..COMB ASTE 20F1..20FF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2100..2129 ; FREE_PVAL # ACCOUNT OF..TURNED GREEK SM LET IOT 212A..212B ; PVALID # KELVIN SIGN..ANGSTROM SIGN 212C..2131 ; FREE_PVAL # SCRIPT CAP C..SCRIPT CAP F 2132 ; PVALID # TURNED CAP F 2133..214D ; FREE_PVAL # SCRIPT CAP M..AKTIESELSKAB 214E ; PVALID # TURNED SM F 214F..2182 ; FREE_PVAL # SYM FOR SAMAR SOURCE..ROM NUM TEN T 2183..2184 ; PVALID # ROM NUM REV ONE HUNDRED..LAT SM LET 2185..2189 ; FREE_PVAL # ROM NUM SIX LATE FORM..VULGAR FRACT 218A..218F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2190..23F3 ; FREE_PVAL # LEFTWARDS ARROW..HOURGLASS W FLO 23F4..23FF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2400..2426 ; FREE_PVAL # SYM FOR NULL..SYM FOR SUB FORM 2427..243F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2440..244A ; FREE_PVAL # OCR HOOK..OCR DOUBLE BACKSLASH Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 48] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 244B..245F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2460..26FF ; FREE_PVAL # CIRCLED DIG ONE..WHITE FLAG W HORIZ 2700 ; UNASSIGNED # 2701..2B4C ; FREE_PVAL # UP BLADE SCISSORS..RIGHTWARDS ARROW 2B4D..2B4F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2B50..2B59 ; FREE_PVAL # WHITE MEDIUM STAR..HEAVY CIRCLED SA 2B5A..2BFF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2C00..2C2E ; PVALID # GLAG CAP LET AZU..GLAG CA 2C2F ; UNASSIGNED # 2C30..2C5E ; PVALID # GLAG SM LET AZU..GLAG SMAL 2C5F ; UNASSIGNED # 2C60..2C7B ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET L W DOUBLE BAR..LAT SM 2C7C..2C7D ; FREE_PVAL # LAT SUB SM LET J..MOD LET CAP V 2C7E..2CE4 ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET S W SWASH TAIL..COPT SY 2CE5..2CEA ; FREE_PVAL # COPT SYM MI RO..COPT SYM SHIMA SIMA 2CEB..2CF3 ; PVALID # COPT CAP LET CRYPTOGRAMMIC SHEI..CO 2CF4..2CF8 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2CF9..2CFF ; FREE_PVAL # COPT OLD NUB FULL STOP..COPT MORPHO 2D00..2D25 ; PVALID # GEORG SM LET AN..GEORG SM LET 2D26 ; UNASSIGNED # 2D27 ; PVALID # GEORG SM LET YN 2D28..2D2C ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2D2D ; PVALID # GEORG SM LET AEN 2D2E..2D2F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2D30..2D67 ; PVALID # TIFINAGH LET YA..TIFINAGH LETTER YO 2D68..2D6E ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2D6F..2D70 ; FREE_PVAL # TIFINAGH MOD LET LABIALIZATION MARK 2D71..2D7E ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2D7F..2D96 ; PVALID # TIFINAGH CONS JOINER..ETHI SYL GGW 2D97..2D9F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2DA0..2DA6 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL SSA..ETHI SYL SSO 2DA7 ; UNASSIGNED # 2DA8..2DAE ; PVALID # ETHI SYL CCA..ETHI SYL CCO 2DAF ; UNASSIGNED # 2DB0..2DB6 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL ZZA..ETHI SYL ZZO 2DB7 ; UNASSIGNED # 2DB8..2DBE ; PVALID # ETHI SYL CCHA..ETHI SYL CC 2DBF ; UNASSIGNED # 2DC0..2DC6 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL QYA..ETHI SYL QYO 2DC7 ; UNASSIGNED # 2DC8..2DCE ; PVALID # ETHI SYL KYA..ETHI SYL KYO 2DCF ; UNASSIGNED # 2DD0..2DD6 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL XYA..ETHI SYL XYO 2DD7 ; UNASSIGNED # 2DD8..2DDE ; PVALID # ETHI SYL GYA..ETHI SYL GYO 2DDF ; UNASSIGNED # 2DE0..2DFF ; PVALID # COMB CYR LET BE..COMB CYRI 2E00..2E2E ; FREE_PVAL # RIGHT ANGLE SUB MARK..REV QUEST MAR Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 49] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 2E2F ; PVALID # VERT TILDE 2E30..2E3B ; FREE_PVAL # RING PNT..THREE-EM DASH 2E3C..2E7F ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2E80..2E99 ; FREE_PVAL # CJK RAD REPEAT..CJK RAD RAP 2E9A ; UNASSIGNED # 2E9B..2EF3 ; FREE_PVAL # CJK RAD CHOKE..CJK RAD C-SIMPLIFIED 2EF4..2EFF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2F00..2FD5 ; FREE_PVAL # KANGXI RAD ONE..KANGXI RAD FLUTE 2FD6..2FEF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 2FF0..2FFB ; FREE_PVAL # IDEO DESC CHAR LEFT TO RIGHT..IDEO 2FFC..2FFF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 3000..3004 ; FREE_PVAL # IDEO SPACE..JAPAN INDUST STAND 3005..3007 ; PVALID # IDEO ITER MARK..IDEO NUMB ZERO 3008..3029 ; FREE_PVAL # LEFT ANGLE BRACKET..HANGZH NUM NINE 302A..302D ; PVALID # IDEO LEVEL TONE MARK..IDEO ENT 302E..302F ; DISALLOWED # HANGUL SING DOT TONE MARK..WAVY DAS 3030 ; FREE_PVAL # WAVY DASH 3031..3035 ; DISALLOWED # VERT KANA REP MARK..VERT KANA REP M 3036..303A ; FREE_PVAL # CIRCLED POSTAL MARK..HANGZH NUM THI 303B ; DISALLOWED # VERT IDEO ITER MARK 303C ; PVALID # MASU MARK 303D..303F ; FREE_PVAL # PART ALTER MARK..IDEO HALF FILL 3040 ; UNASSIGNED # 3041..3096 ; PVALID # HIRAGANA LET SM A..HIRAGANA LET SMA 3097..3098 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 3099..309A ; PVALID # COMB KAT-HIR VOICED SOUND 309B..309C ; FREE_PVAL # KAT-HIR VOICED SOUND MARK..KAT-HIR 309D..309E ; PVALID # HIRAGANA ITER MARK..HIRAGANA VOICED 309F..30A0 ; FREE_PVAL # HIRAGANA DIGRAPH YORI..KAT-HIR DOU 30A1..30FA ; PVALID # KATAKANA LET SM A..KATAKANA LET VO 30FB ; CONTEXTO # KATAKANA MIDDLE DOT 30FC..30FE ; PVALID # KAT-HIR PROLONGED SOUND MARK..KATA 30FF ; FREE_PVAL # KATAKANA DIGRAPH KOTO 3100..3104 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 3105..312D ; PVALID # BOPOMOFO LET B..BOPOMOFO LET IH 312E..3130 ; UNASSIGNED # .. 3131..3163 ; FREE_PVAL # HANGUL LET KIYEOK..HANGUL LET I 3164 ; DISALLOWED # HANGUL FILLER 3165..318E ; FREE_PVAL # HANGUL LET SSANGNIEUN..HANGUL LET 318F ; UNASSIGNED # 3190..319F ; FREE_PVAL # IDEO ANNO LINK MARK..IDEO ANNO MAN 31A0..31BA ; PVALID # BOPOMOFO LET BU..BOPOMOFO LET ZY 31BB..31BF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 31C0..31E3 ; FREE_PVAL # CJK STROKE T..CJK STROKE Q 31E4..31EF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 31F0..31FF ; PVALID # KATAKANA LET SM KU..KATAKANA LET SM 3200..321E ; FREE_PVAL # PAREN HANGUL KIYEOK..PAREN KOREAN C 321F ; UNASSIGNED # Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 50] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 3220..32FE ; FREE_PVAL # PAREN IDEO ONE..CIRCLED KATAKANA WO 32FF ; UNASSIGNED # 3300..33FF ; FREE_PVAL # SQUARE APAATO..SQUARE GAL 3400..4DB5 ; PVALID # 4DB6..4DBF ; UNASSIGNED # .. 4DC0..4DFF ; FREE_PVAL # HEX FOR THE CREATIVE HEAVEN..HEX FO 4E00..9FCC ; PVALID # 9FCD..9FFF ; UNASSIGNED # .. A000..A48C ; PVALID # YI SYL IT..YI SYL YYR A48D..A48F ; UNASSIGNED # .. A490..A4C6 ; FREE_PVAL # YI RAD QOT..YI RAD KE A4C7..A4CF ; UNASSIGNED # .. A4D0..A4FD ; PVALID # LISU LET BA..LISU LET TONE MYA JEU A4FE..A4FF ; FREE_PVAL # LISU PUNCT COMMA..LISU PUNCT FUL A500..A60C ; PVALID # VAI SYL EE..VAI SYL LENENER A60D..A60F ; FREE_PVAL # VAI COMMA..VAI QUEST MARK A610..A62B ; PVALID # VAI SYL NDOLE FA..VAI SYL NDOLE DO A62C..A63F ; UNASSIGNED # .. A640..A66F ; PVALID # CYR CAP LET ZEMLYA..COMB CYR VZMET A670..A673 ; FREE_PVAL # COMB CYR TEN MILLIONS SIGN..SLAVON A674..A67D ; PVALID # COMB CYR KAVYKA..COMB CYR PAYEROK A67E ; FREE_PVAL # CYR KAVYKA A67F..A697 ; PVALID # CYR PAYEROK..CYR SM LET SHWE A698..A69E ; UNASSIGNED # .. A69F..A6E5 ; PVALID # COMB CYR LET IOTIFIED E..BAMUM LET A6E6..A6EF ; FREE_PVAL # BAMUM LET MO..BAMUM LET KOGHOM A6F0..A6F1 ; PVALID # BAMUM COMB MARK KOQNDON..BAMUM COMB A6F2..A6F7 ; FREE_PVAL # BAMUM NJAEMLI..BAMUM QUEST MARK A6F8..A6FF ; UNASSIGNED # .. A700..A716 ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET CHIN TONE YIN PING..MOD A717..A71F ; PVALID # MOD LET DOT VERT BAR..MOD L A720..A721 ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET STRESS AND HIGH TONE..MOD A722..A76F ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET EGYPT ALEF..LAT SM LET A770 ; FREE_PVAL # MODIFIER LETTER US A771..A788 ; PVALID # LATIN SMALL LETTER DUM..MOD LET LOW A789..A78A ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET COLON..MOD LET SH EQUALS SI A78B..A78E ; PVALID # LAT SM LET SALTILLO..LAT SM LET L W A78F ; UNASSIGNED # A790..A793 ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET N W DESC..LAT SM LET C A794..A79F ; UNASSIGNED # .. A7A0..A7AA ; PVALID # LAT CAP LET G W OBLIQUE STROKE..LAT A7AB..A7F7 ; UNASSIGNED # .. A7F8..A7F9 ; FREE_PVAL # MOD LET CAP H W STROKE..MOD LET SM A7FA..A827 ; PVALID # LAT LET SM CAP TURNED M..SYLOTI NA A828..A82B ; FREE_PVAL # SYLOTI NAGRI POET MARK-1..SYLOTI NA A82C..A82F ; UNASSIGNED # .. A830..A839 ; FREE_PVAL # N INDIC FRACT ONE QUART..N INDIC QU A83A..A83F ; UNASSIGNED # .. Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 51] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 A840..A873 ; PVALID # PHAGS-PA LET KA..PHAGS-PA LET CANDR A874..A877 ; FREE_PVAL # PHAGS-PA SINGLE HEAD MARK..PHAGS-PA A878..A87F ; UNASSIGNED # .. A880..A8C4 ; PVALID # SAUR SIGN ANUSVARA..SAUR SIGN VIRAM A8C5..A8CD ; UNASSIGNED # .. A8CE..A8CF ; FREE_PVAL # SAUR DANDA..SAUR DOUBLE DANDA A8D0..A8D9 ; PVALID # SAUR DIG ZERO..SAUR DIG NINE A8DA..A8DF ; UNASSIGNED # .. A8E0..A8F7 ; PVALID # COMB DEVAN DIG ZERO..DEVAN SIGN CAN A8F8..A8FA ; FREE_PVAL # DEVAN SIGN PUSHPIKA..DEVAN CARET A8FB ; PVALID # DEVAN HEADSTROKE A8FC..A8FF ; UNASSIGNED # .. A900..A92D ; PVALID # KAYAH LI DIG ZERO..KAYAH LI TONE CA A92E..A92F ; FREE_PVAL # KAYAH LI SIGN CWI..KAYAH LI SIGN SH A930..A953 ; PVALID # REJANG LET KA..REJANG VIRAMA A954..A95E ; UNASSIGNED # .. A95F ; FREE_PVAL # REJANG SECTION MARK A960..A97C ; DISALLOWED # HANGUL CHO TIKEUT-MIUEM..HANGUL CHO A97D..A97F ; UNASSIGNED # .. A980..A9C0 ; PVALID # JAV SIGN PANYANGGA..JAV PANGKON A9C1..A9CD ; FREE_PVAL # JAV LEFT RERENGGAN..JAV TURNED PADA A9CE ; UNASSIGNED # A9CF..A9D9 ; PVALID # JAV PANGRANGKEP..JAV DIG NINE A9DA..A9DD ; UNASSIGNED # .. A9DE..A9DF ; FREE_PVAL # JAV PADA TIRTA TUMETES..JAV PADA I A9E0..A9FF ; UNASSIGNED # .. AA00..AA36 ; PVALID # CHAM LET A..CHAM CONS SIGN WA AA37..AA3F ; UNASSIGNED # .. AA40..AA4D ; PVALID # CHAM LET FIN K..CHAM CONS SIGN FIN AA4E..AA4F ; UNASSIGNED # .. AA50..AA59 ; PVALID # CHAM DIG ZERO..CHAM DIG NINE AA5A..AA5B ; UNASSIGNED # .. AA5C..AA5F ; FREE_PVAL # CHAM PUNCT SPIRAL..CHAM PUNCT TR AA60..AA76 ; PVALID # MYAN LET KHAMTI GA..MYAN LOGOGRAM K AA77..AA79 ; FREE_PVAL # MYAN SYM AITON EXCLAM..MYAN SYM AIT AA7A..AA7B ; PVALID # MYAN LET AITON RA..MYAN SIGN PAO KA AA7C..AA7F ; UNASSIGNED # .. AA80..AAC2 ; PVALID # TAI VIET LET LOW KO..TAI VIET TONE AAC3..AADA ; UNASSIGNED # .. AADB..AADD ; PVALID # TAI VIET SYM KON..TAI VIET SYM SAM AADE..AADF ; FREE_PVAL # TAI VIET SYM HO HOI..TAI VIET SYM K AAE0..AAEF ; PVALID # MEETEI MAYEK LET E..MEETEI MAYEK VO AAF0..AAF1 ; FREE_PVAL # MEETEI MAYEK CHEIKHAN..MEETEI MAYEK AAF2..AAF6 ; PVALID # MEETEI MAYEK ANJI..MEETEI MAYEK VIR AAF7..AB00 ; UNASSIGNED # .. AB01..AB06 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL TTHU..ETHI SYL TTHO AB07..AB08 ; UNASSIGNED # .. AB09..AB0E ; PVALID # ETHI SYL DDHAA..ETHI SYL DDHO Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 52] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 AB0F..AB10 ; UNASSIGNED # .. AB11..AB16 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL DZU..ETHI SYL DZO AB17..AB1F ; UNASSIGNED # .. AB20..AB26 ; PVALID # ETHI SYL CCHHA..ETHI SYL CCHHO AB27 ; UNASSIGNED # .. AB28..AB2E ; PVALID # ETHI SYL BBAA..ETHI SYL BBO AB2F..ABBF ; UNASSIGNED # .. ABC0..ABEA ; PVALID # MEETEI MAYEK LET KOK..MEETEI MAYEK ABEB ; FREE_PVAL # MEETEI MAYEK CHEIKHEI ABEC..ABED ; PVALID # MEETEI MAYEK LUM IYEK..MEETEI MAYEK ABEE..ABEF ; UNASSIGNED # .. ABF0..ABF9 ; PVALID # MEETEI MAYEK DIG ZERO..MEETEI MAYEK ABFA..ABFF ; UNASSIGNED # .. AC00..D7A3 ; PVALID # D7A4..D7AF ; UNASSIGNED # .. D7B0..D7C6 ; DISALLOWED # HANGUL JUNG O-YEO..HANGUL JUNG ARAE D7C7..D7CA ; UNASSIGNED # .. D7CB..D7FB ; DISALLOWED # HANGUL JONG NIEUN-RIEUL..HANGUL JON D7FC..D7FF ; UNASSIGNED # .. D800..F8FF ; DISALLOWED # F900..FA6D ; PVALID # CJK COMP IDEO-F900..CJK COMP IDEO FA6E..FA6F ; UNASSIGNED # .. FA70..FAD9 ; PVALID # CJK COMP IDEO-FA70..CJK COMP IDEO FADA..FAFF ; UNASSIGNED # .. FB00..FB06 ; FREE_PVAL # LAT SM LIG FF..LAT SM LIG ST FB07..FB12 ; UNASSIGNED # .. FB13..FB17 ; FREE_PVAL # ARMENIAN SM LIG MEN NOW..ARMENIAN SM FB18..FB1C ; UNASSIGNED # .. FB1D..FB1F ; PVALID # HEBR LET YOD W HIRIQ..HEBR LIG YID Y FB20..FB29 ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR LET ALT AYIN..HEB LET ALT PLUS FB2A..FB36 ; PVALID # HEBR LET SHIN W SHIN DOT..HEBR LET Z FB37 ; UNASSIGNED # FB38..FB3C ; PVALID # HEBR LET TET W DAGESH..HEBR LET FB3D ; UNASSIGNED # FB3E ; PVALID # HEBR LET MEM W DAGESH FB3F ; UNASSIGNED # FB40..FB41 ; PVALID # HEBR LET NUN W DAGESH..HEBR LET FB42 ; UNASSIGNED # FB43..FB44 ; PVALID # HEBR LET FIN PE W DAGESH..HEBR L FB45 ; UNASSIGNED # FB46..FB4E ; PVALID # HEBR LET TSADI W DAGESH..HEBR LET P FB4F..FBC1 ; FREE_PVAL # HEBR LIG ALEF LAMED..ARAB SYM S FBC2..FBD2 ; UNASSIGNED # .. FBD3..FD3F ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB LET NG ISO FORM..ORNATE RIGHT FD40..FD4F ; UNASSIGNED # .. FD50..FD8F ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB LIG TEH W JEEM W MEEM INIT FD90..FD91 ; UNASSIGNED # .. FD92..FDC7 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB LIG MEEM W JEEM W KHAH INI Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 53] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 FDC8..FDCF ; UNASSIGNED # .. FDD0..FDEF ; DISALLOWED # .. FDF0..FDFD ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB LIG SALLA USED..ARAB LIG BISMI FDFE..FDFF ; UNASSIGNED # .. FE00..FE0F ; DISALLOWED # VAR SEL-1..VAR SEL-16 FE10..FE19 ; FREE_PVAL # PRES FORM FOR VERT COMMA..PRES FORM FE1A..FE1F ; UNASSIGNED # .. FE20..FE26 ; PVALID # COMB LIG LEFT HALF..COMB CONJ MACRO FE27..FE2F ; UNASSIGNED # .. FE30..FE52 ; FREE_PVAL # PRES FORM FOR VERT TWO DOT LEAD..SM FE53 ; UNASSIGNED # FE54..FE66 ; FREE_PVAL # SM SEMICOLON..SM EQUALS SIGN FE67 ; UNASSIGNED # FE68..FE6B ; FREE_PVAL # SM REV SOLIDUS..SM COMM AT FE6C..FE6F ; UNASSIGNED # .. FE70..FE72 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB FATHATAN ISO FORM..ARAB DAMMAT FE73 ; PVALID # ARAB TAIL FRAGMENT FE74 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB KASRATAN ISO FORM FE75 ; UNASSIGNED # FE76..FEFC ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB FATHA ISO FORM..ARAB LIG LAM W FEFD..FEFE ; UNASSIGNED # .. FEFF ; DISALLOWED # ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE FF00 ; UNASSIGNED # FF01..FF9F ; FREE_PVAL # FULLW EXCLAM MARK..HALFW KATA SE FFA0 ; DISALLOWED # HALFW HANGUL FILLER FFA1..FFBE ; FREE_PVAL # HALFW HANGUL LET KIYEOK..HALFW H FFBF..FFC1 ; UNASSIGNED # .. FFC2..FFC7 ; FREE_PVAL # HALFW HANGUL LET A..HALFW HANGUL FFC8..FFC9 ; UNASSIGNED # .. FFCA..FFCF ; FREE_PVAL # HALFW HANGUL LET YEO..HALFW HANGU FFD0..FFD1 ; UNASSIGNED # .. FFD2..FFD7 ; FREE_PVAL # HALFW HANGUL LET YO..HALFW HANGUL FFD8..FFD9 ; UNASSIGNED # .. FFDA..FFDC ; FREE_PVAL # HALFW HANGUL LET EU..HALFW HANGUL FFDD..FFDF ; UNASSIGNED # .. FFE0..FFE6 ; FREE_PVAL # FULLW CENT SIGN..FULLW WON SIGN FFE7 ; UNASSIGNED # FFE8..FFEE ; FREE_PVAL # HALFW FORMS LIGHT VERT..HALFW WH FFEF..FFF8 ; UNASSIGNED # .. FFF9..FFFB ; DISALLOWED # INTERL ANNO ANCHOR..INTERL ANNO TER FFFC..FFFD ; FREE_PVAL # OBJECT REPL CHAR..REPL CHAR FFFE..FFFF ; DISALLOWED # .. 10000..1000B; PVALID # LIN B SYL B008 A..LIN B SYL 1000C ; UNASSIGNED # 1000D..10026; PVALID # LIN B SYL B036 JO..LIN B SYL 10027 ; UNASSIGNED # 10028..1003A; PVALID # LIN B SYL B060 RA..LIN B SYL 1003B ; UNASSIGNED # Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 54] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 1003C..1003D; PVALID # LIN B SYL B017 ZA..LIN B SYL 1003E ; UNASSIGNED # 1003F..1004D; PVALID # LIN B SYL B020 ZO..LIN B SYL 1004E..1004F; UNASSIGNED # .. 10050..1005D; PVALID # LIN B SYM B018..LIN B SYM B089 1005E..1007F; UNASSIGNED # .. 10080..100FA; PVALID # LIN B IDEO B100 MAN..LIN B IDEO 100FB..100FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 10100..10102; FREE_PVAL # AEG WORD SEP LINE..AEG CHECK MAR 10103..10106; UNASSIGNED # .. 10107..10133; FREE_PVAL # AEG NUM ONE..AEG NUM NINETY THOU 10134..10136; UNASSIGNED # .. 10137..1018A; FREE_PVAL # AEG WEIGHT BASE UNIT..GREEK ZERO SI 1018B..1018F; UNASSIGNED # .. 10190..1019B; FREE_PVAL # ROM SEXTANS SIGN..ROM CENTURIAL SIG 1019C..101CF; UNASSIGNED # .. 101D0..101FC; FREE_PVAL # PHAISTOS DISC SIGN PED..PHAISTOS DI 101FD ; PVALID # PHAISTOS DISC SIGN COMB OBLIQUE STR 101FE..1027F; UNASSIGNED # .. 10280..1029C; PVALID # LYCIAN LET A..LYCIAN LET X 1029D..1029F; UNASSIGNED # .. 102A0..102D0; PVALID # CARIAN LET A..CARIAN LET UUU3 102D1..102FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 10300..1031E; PVALID # OLD ITAL LET A..OLD ITAL LET UU 1031F ; UNASSIGNED # 10320..10323; FREE_PVAL # OLD ITAL NUM ONE..OLD ITAL NUM F 10324..1032F; UNASSIGNED # .. 10330..10340; PVALID # GOTH LET AHSA..GOTH LET PAIRTHRA 10341 ; FREE_PVAL # GOTH LET NINETY 10342..10349; PVALID # GOTH LET RAIDA..GOTH LET OTHAL 1034A ; FREE_PVAL # GOTH LET NINE HUNDRED 1034B..1037F; UNASSIGNED # .. 10380..1039D; PVALID # UGAR LET ALPA..UGAR LET SSU 1039E ; UNASSIGNED # 1039F ; FREE_PVAL # UGAR WORD DIVIDER 103A0..103C3; PVALID # OLD PERS SIGN A..OLD PERS SIGN HA 103C4..103C7; UNASSIGNED # .. 103C8..103CF; PVALID # OLD PERS SIGN AURAMAZDAA..OLD PERS 103D0..103D5; FREE_PVAL # OLD PERS WORD DIVIDER..OLD PERS NUM 103D6..103FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 10400..1049D; PVALID # DESERET CAP LET LONG I..OSMANYA LET 1049E..1049F; UNASSIGNED # .. 104A0..104A9; PVALID # OSMANYA DIG ZERO..OSMANYA DIG NINE 104AA..107FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 10800..10805; PVALID # CYPRIOT SYL A..CYPRIOT SYL JA 10806..10807; UNASSIGNED # .. 10808 ; PVALID # CYPRIOT SYL JO 10809 ; UNASSIGNED # Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 55] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 1080A..10835; PVALID # CYPRIOT SYL KA..CYPRIOT SYL WO 10836 ; UNASSIGNED # 10837..10838; PVALID # CYPRIOT SYL XA..CYPRIOT SYL XE 10839..1083B; UNASSIGNED # .. 1083C ; PVALID # CYPRIOT SYL ZA 1083D..1083E; UNASSIGNED # .. 1083F..10855; PVALID # CYPRIOT SYL ZO..IMP ARAM LET TAW 10856 ; UNASSIGNED # 10857..1085F; FREE_PVAL # IMP ARAM SECT SIGN..IMP ARAM 10860..108FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 10900..10915; PVALID # PHOEN LET ALF..PHOEN LET TAU 10916..1091B; FREE_PVAL # PHOEN NUM ONE..PHOEN NUM THR 1091C..1091E; UNASSIGNED # .. 1091F ; FREE_PVAL # PHOEN WORD SEP 10920..10939; PVALID # LYDIAN LET A..LYDIAN LET C 1093A..1093E; UNASSIGNED # .. 1093F ; FREE_PVAL # LYDIAN TRIANGULAR MARK 10940..1097F; UNASSIGNED # .. 10980..109B7; PVALID # MERO HIER LET A..MERO CURS LET 109B8..109BD; UNASSIGNED # .. 109BE..109BF; PVALID # MERO CURS LOG RMT..MERO CURS L 109C0..109FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 10A00..10A03; PVALID # KHARO LET A..KHARO VOW SIGN V 10A04 ; UNASSIGNED # 10A05..10A06; PVALID # KHARO VOW SIGN E..KHARO VOW SI 10A07..10A0B; UNASSIGNED # .. 10A0C..10A13; PVALID # KHARO VOW LEN MARK..KHARO LET 10A14 ; UNASSIGNED # 10A15..10A17; PVALID # KHARO LET CA..KHARO LET JA 10A18 ; UNASSIGNED # 10A19..10A33; PVALID # KHARO LET NYA..KHARO LET TTT 10A34..10A37; UNASSIGNED # .. 10A38..10A3A; PVALID # KHARO SIGN BAR ABOVE..KHARO SIGN D 10A3B..10A3E; UNASSIGNED # .. 10A3F ; PVALID # KHARO VIRAMA 10A40..10A47; FREE_PVAL # KHARO DIG ONE..KHARO NUM ONE 10A48..10A4F; UNASSIGNED # .. 10A50..10A58; FREE_PVAL # KHARO PUNCT DOT..KHARO PUNCT 10A59..10A5F; UNASSIGNED # .. 10A60..10A7C; PVALID # OLD S ARAB LET HE..OLD SOUTH ARAB 10A7D..10A7F; FREE_PVAL # OLD S ARAB NUM ONE..OLD SOUTH ARAB 10A80..10AFF; UNASSIGNED # .. 10B00..10B35; PVALID # AVESTAN LET A..AVESTAN LET HE 10B36..10B38; UNASSIGNED # .. 10B39..10B3F; FREE_PVAL # AVESTAN ABBR MARK..LARGE ONE RING O 10B40..10B55; PVALID # INSCRIPT PARTHIAN LET ALEPH..INSCRI 10B56..10B57; UNASSIGNED # .. 10B58..10B5F; FREE_PVAL # INSCRIPT PARTHIAN NUM ONE..INSCRIPT Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 56] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 10B60..10B72; PVALID # INSCRIPT PAHLAVI LET ALEPH..INSCRIP 10B73..10B77; UNASSIGNED # .. 10B78..10B7F; FREE_PVAL # INSCRIPT PAHLAVI NUM ONE..INSCRIPT 10B80..10BFF; UNASSIGNED # .. 10C00..10C48; PVALID # OLD TURK LET ORKHON A..OLD TURK LET 10C49..10E5F; UNASSIGNED # .. 10E60..10E7E; FREE_PVAL # RUMI DIG ONE..RUMI FRACTION TWO THI 10E7F..10FFF; UNASSIGNED # .. 11000..11046; PVALID # BRAHMI SIGN CANDRABINDU..BRAHMI VIR 11047..1104D; FREE_PVAL # BRAHMI DANDA..BRAHMI PUNCT LOTUS 1104E..11051; UNASSIGNED # .. 11052..11065; FREE_PVAL # BRAHMI NUM ONE..BRAHMI NUM ONE THOU 11066..1106F; PVALID # BRAHMI DIG ZERO..BRAHMI DIG NINE 11070..1107F; UNASSIGNED # .. 11080..110BA; PVALID # KAITHI SIGN CANDRABINDU..KAITHI SIG 110BB..110BC; FREE_PVAL # KAITHI ABBR SIGN..KAITHI ENUM SIGN 110BD ; DISALLOWED # KAITHI NUM SIGN 110BE..110C1; FREE_PVAL # KAITHI SECT MARK..KAITHI DOUBLE DAN 110C2..110CF; UNASSIGNED # .. 110D0..110F8; PVALID # SORA SOMPENG LETTER SAH..SORA SOMPE 110F9..110EF; UNASSIGNED # .. 110F0..110F9; PVALID # SORA SOMPENG DIG ZERO..SORA SOMPENG DI 110FA..110FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 11100..11134; PVALID # CHAKMA SIGN CANDRABINDU..CHAKMA MAAYY 11135 ; UNASSIGNED # 11136..1113F; PVALID # CHAKMA DIG ZERO..CHAKMA DIG NINE 11140..11143; FREE_PVAL # CHAKMA SECT MARK..CHAKMA QUEST MARK 11144..1117F; UNASSIGNED # .. 11180..111C4; PVALID # SHARADA SIGN CANDRABINDU..SHARADA OM 111C5..111C8; FREE_PVAL # SHARADA DANDA..SHARADA SEPARATOR 111C9..111CF; UNASSIGNED # .. 111D0..111D9; PVALID # SHARADA DIG ZERO..SHARADA DIG NINE 111DA..1167F; UNASSIGNED # .. 11680..116B7; PVALID # TAKRI LET A..TAKRI SIGN NUKTA 116B8..116BF; UNASSIGNED # .. 116C0..116C9; PVALID # TAKRI DIGIT ZERO..TAKRI DIG NINE 116CA..1FFFF; UNASSIGNED # .. 12000..1236E; PVALID # CUNEI SIGN A..CUNEI SIGN ZUM 1236F..123FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 12400..12462; FREE_PVAL # CUNEI NUM SIGN TWO ASH..CUNEI NUM 12463..1246F; UNASSIGNED # .. 12470..12473; FREE_PVAL # CUNEI PUNCT SIGN OLD ASSYRIAN WORD 12474..12FFF; UNASSIGNED # .. 13000..1342E; PVALID # EGYPT HIERO A001..EGYPT HIERO AA032 1342F..167FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 16800..16A38; PVALID # BAMUM LET PHASE-A NGKUE MFON..BAMUN LE 16A39..16EFF; UNASSIGNED # .. 16F00..16F44; PVALID # MIAO LET PA..MIAO LET HHA Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 57] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 16F45..16F4F; UNASSIGNED # .. 16F50..16F7E; PVALID # MIAO LET NAS..MIAO VOWEL SIGN NG 16F7F..16F8E; UNASSIGNED # .. 16F8F..16F9F; PVALID # MIAO TONE RIGHT..MIAO LET REF TON 16FA0..1AFFF; UNASSIGNED # .. 1B000..1B001; PVALID # KATA LET ARCH E..KATA LET ARCH YE 1B002..1CFFF; UNASSIGNED # .. 1D000..1D0F5; FREE_PVAL # BYZ MUS SYM PSILI..BYZ MUS 1D0F6..1D0FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 1D100..1D126; FREE_PVAL # MUS SYM SINGLE BARLINE..MUS SYMBOL 1D127..1D128; UNASSIGNED # .. 1D129..1D164; FREE_PVAL # MUS SYM MULT MEASURE REST..MUS SYM ONE 1D165..1D169; PVALID # MUS SYM COMB STEM..MUS SYM COMB TREMOL 1D16A..1D16C; FREE_PVAL # MUS SYM FING TREM-1..MUS SYM FING TREM 1D16D..1D172; PVALID # MUS SYM COMB AUG DOT..MUS SYM COMB FL 1D173..1D17A; DISALLOWED # MUS SYM BEGIN BEAM..MUS SYM END PHRASE 1D17B..1D182; PVALID # MUS SYM COMB ACCENT..MUS SYM COMB LOUR 1D183..1D184; FREE_PVAL # MUS SYM ARP UP..MUS SYM ARP DOWN 1D185..1D18B; PVALID # MUS SYM COMB DOIT..MUS SYM COMB TRIPLE 1D18C..1D1A9; FREE_PVAL # MUS SYM RINFORZANDO..MUS SYM DEG SLASH 1D1AA..1D1AD; PVALID # MUS SYM COMB DOWN BOW..MUS SYM COMB SN 1D1AE..1D1DD; FREE_PVAL # MUS SYM PEDAL MARK..MUS SYM PES SUBPUN 1D1DE..1D1FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 1D200..1D241; FREE_PVAL # GREEK VOCAL NOTATION SYM-1..GREEK INS 1D242..1D244; FREE_PVAL # COMB GREEK MUS TRISEME..COMB GREEK MU 1D245 ; FREE_PVAL # GREEK MUSICAL LEIMMA 1D246..1D2FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 1D300..1D356; DISALLOWED # MONOG FOR EARTH..TETRAG FOR FOSTERING 1D357..1D35F; UNASSIGNED # .. 1D360..1D371; DISALLOWED # COUNT ROD UNIT DIG ONE..COUNT ROD TE 1D372..1D3FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 1D400..1D454; FREE_PVAL # MATH BOLD CAP A..MATH IT 1D455 ; UNASSIGNED # 1D456..1D49C; FREE_PVAL # MATH ITAL SM I..MATH SC 1D49D ; UNASSIGNED # 1D49E..1D49F; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT CAP C..MATH 1D4A0..1D4A1; UNASSIGNED # .. 1D4A2 ; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT CAP G 1D4A3..1D4A4; UNASSIGNED # .. 1D4A5..1D4A6; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT CAP J..MATH 1D4A7..1D4A8; UNASSIGNED # .. 1D4A9..1D4AC; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT CAP N..MATH 1D4AD ; UNASSIGNED # 1D4AE..1D4B9; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT CAP S..MATH 1D4BA ; UNASSIGNED # 1D4BB ; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT SM F 1D4BC ; UNASSIGNED # 1D4BD..1D4C3; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT SM H..MATH SC Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 58] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 1D4C4 ; UNASSIGNED # 1D4C5..1D505; FREE_PVAL # MATH SCRIPT SM P..MATH FR 1D506 ; UNASSIGNED # 1D507..1D50A; FREE_PVAL # MATH FRAKTUR CAP D..MATH 1D50B..1D50C; UNASSIGNED # .. 1D50D..1D514; FREE_PVAL # MATH FRAKTUR CAP J..MATH 1D515 ; UNASSIGNED # 1D516..1D51C; FREE_PVAL # MATH FRAKTUR CAP S..MATH 1D51D ; UNASSIGNED # 1D51E..1D539; FREE_PVAL # MATH FRAKTUR SM A..MATH D 1D53A ; UNASSIGNED # 1D53B..1D53E; FREE_PVAL # MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK CAP D..MATHEM 1D53F ; UNASSIGNED # 1D540..1D544; FREE_PVAL # MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK CAP I..MATHEM 1D545 ; UNASSIGNED # 1D546 ; FREE_PVAL # MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK CAP O 1D547..1D549; UNASSIGNED # .. 1D54A..1D550; FREE_PVAL # MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK CAP S..MATHEM 1D551 ; UNASSIGNED # 1D552..1D6A5; FREE_PVAL # MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK SM A..MATHEMAT 1D6A6..1D6A7; UNASSIGNED # .. 1D6A8..1D7CB; FREE_PVAL # MATH BOLD CAP ALPHA..MATHEMATICA 1D7CC..1D7CD; UNASSIGNED # .. 1D7CE..1D7FF; FREE_PVAL # MATH BOLD DIG ZERO..MATH M 1D800..1EDFF; UNASSIGNED # .. 1EE00..1EE03; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH ALEF..ARAB MATH DAL 1EE04 ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE05..1EE1F; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH WAW..ARAB MATH DOTLESS QAF 1EE20 ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE21..1EE22; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH INIT BEH..ARAB MATH INIT JEE 1EE23 ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE24 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH INIT HEH 1EE25..1EE26; UNASSIGNED # .. 1EE27 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH INIT HAH 1EE28 ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE29..1EE32; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH INIT YEH..ARAB MATH INIT QAF 1EE33 ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE34..1EE37; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH INIT SHEEN..ARAB MATH INITIA 1EE38 ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE39 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH INIT SHEEN 1EE3A ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE3B ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH INIT GHAIN 1EE3C..1EE41; UNASSIGNED # .. 1EE42 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED JEEM 1EE43..1EE46; UNASSIGNED # .. 1EE47 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED HAH 1EE48 ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE49 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED YEH Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 59] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 1EE4A ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE4B ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED LAM 1EE4C ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE4D..1EE4F; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED NOON..ARAB MATH TAILE 1EE50 ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE51..1EE52; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED QAF..ARAB MATH TAILED 1EE53 ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE54 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED SHEEN 1EE55..1EE56; UNASSIGNED # .. 1EE57 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED KHAH 1EE58 ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE59 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED DAD 1EE5A ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE5B ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED GHAIN 1EE5C ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE5D ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED DOTLESS NOON 1EE5E ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE5F ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH TAILED DOTLESS GHAIN 1EE60 ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE61..1EE62; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH STRETCHED BEH..ARAB MATH STR 1EE63 ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE64 ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH STRETCHED HEH 1EE65..1EE66; UNASSIGNED # .. 1EE67..1EE6A; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH STRETCHED HAH..ARAB MATH STR 1EE6B ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE6C..1EE72; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH STRETCHED MEEM..ARAB MATH ST 1EE73 ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE74..1EE77; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH STRETCHED SHEEN..ARAB MATH S 1EE78 ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE79..1EE7C; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH STRETCHED DAD..ARAB MATH STR 1EE7D ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE7E ; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH STRETCHED DOTLESS FEH 1EE7F ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE80..1EE89; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH LOOPED ALEF..ARAB MATH LOOPE 1EE8A ; UNASSIGNED # 1EE8B..1EE9B; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH LOOPED LAM..ARAB MATH LOOPED 1EE9C..1EEA0; UNASSIGNED # .. 1EEA1..1EEA3; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK BEH..ARAB MATH 1EEA4 ; UNASSIGNED # 1EEA5..1EEA9; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK WAW..ARAB MATH 1EEAA ; UNASSIGNED # 1EEAB..1EEBB; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH DOUBLE-STRUCK LAM..ARAB MATH 1EEBC..1EEEF; UNASSIGNED # .. 1EEF0..1EEF1; FREE_PVAL # ARAB MATH OP MEEM W HAH W TATWHEEL..AR 1EEF2..1EFFF; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F000..1F02B; FREE_PVAL # MAHJONG TILE EAST WIND..MAHJONG TILE B 1F02C..1F02F; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F030..1F093; FREE_PVAL # DOMINO TILE HORIZ BACK..DOMINO TILE VE Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 60] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 1F094..1F09F; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F0A0..1F0AE; FREE_PVAL # PLAY CARD BACK..PLAY CARD KING OF SPAD 1F0AF..1F0B0; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F0B1..1F0BE; FREE_PVAL # PLAY CARD ACE OF HEARTS..PLAY CARD KIN 1F0BF..1F0C0; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F0C1..1F0CF; FREE_PVAL # PLAY CARD ACE OF DIAMONDS..PLAY CARD B 1F0D0 ; UNASSIGNED # 1F0D1..1F0DF; FREE_PVAL # PLAY CARD ACE OF CLUBS..PLAY CARD WHIT 1F0E0..1F0FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F100..1F10A; FREE_PVAL # DIG ZERO FULL STOP..DIG NINE COMMA 1F10B..1F10F; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F110..1F12E; FREE_PVAL # PARENTHESIZED LAT CAP LET A..CIRCLE 1F12F ; UNASSIGNED # 1F130..1F16B; FREE_PVAL # SQUARED LAT CAP LET A..RAISED MD SIGN 1F16C..1F16F; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F170..1F19A; FREE_PVAL # NEG SQ LAT CAP LET A..SQUARED VS 1F19B..1F1E5; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F1E6..1F202; FREE_PVAL # REG IND SYMB LET A..SQ KATAKANA SA 1F203..1F20F; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F210..1F23A; FREE_PVAL # SQ CJK UNIF IDEO-624B..SQ CJK UNIF IDE 1F23B..1F23F; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F240..1F248; FREE_PVAL # TORT SH BRACK CJK UNIF IDEO-672C..TORT 1F249..1F24F; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F250..1F251; FREE_PVAL # CIRC IDEO ADVANTAGE..CIRC IDEO ACCEPT 1F252..1F2FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F300..1F320; FREE_PVAL # CYCLONE..SHOOTING STAR 1F321..1F32F; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F330..1F335; FREE_PVAL # CHESTNUT..CACTUS 1F336 ; UNASSIGNED # 1F337..1F37C; FREE_PVAL # TULIP..BABY BOTTLE 1F37D..1F37F; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F380..1F393; FREE_PVAL # RIBBON..GRADUATION CAP 1F394..1F39F; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F3A0..1F3C4; FREE_PVAL # CAROUSEL HORSE..SURFER 1F3C5 ; UNASSIGNED # 1F3C6..1F3CA; FREE_PVAL # TROPHY..SWIMMER 1F3CB..1F3DF; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F3E0..1F3F0; FREE_PVAL # HOUSE BUILDING..EUROPEAN CASTLE 1F3F1..1F3FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F400..1F43E; FREE_PVAL # RAT..PAW PRINTS 1F43F ; UNASSIGNED # 1F440 ; FREE_PVAL # EYES 1F441 ; UNASSIGNED # 1F442..1F4F7; FREE_PVAL # EAR..CAMERA 1F4F8 ; UNASSIGNED # 1F4F9..1F4FC; FREE_PVAL # VIDEO CAMERA..VIDEOCASSETTE 1F4FD..1F4FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F500..1F53D; FREE_PVAL # TWISTED RIGHTWARDS ARROWS..DOWN-POINTI Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 61] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 1F53E..1F53F; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F540..1F543; FREE_PVAL # CIRCLED CROSS POMMEE..NOTCHED LEFT SEM 1F544..1F54F; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F550..1F567; FREE_PVAL # CLOCK FACE ONE OCLOCK..CLOCK FACE TWEL 1F568..1F5FA; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F5FB..1F640; FREE_PVAL # MOUNT FUJI..WEARY CAT FACE 1F641..1F644; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F645..1F650; FREE_PVAL # FACE W NO GOOD GESTURE..PERSON W FO 1F650..1F67F; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F680..1F6C5; FREE_PVAL # ROCKET..LEFT LUGGAGE 1F6C6..1F6FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 1F700..1F773; FREE_PVAL # ALCHEMICAL SYMBOL FOR QUINTESSENCE..AL 1F774..1FFFF; UNASSIGNED # .. 20000..2A6D6; PVALID # 2A6D7..2A6FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 2A700..2B734; PVALID # 2A735..2A739; UNASSIGNED # .. 2A740..2B81D; PVALID # 2B81E..2F7FF; UNASSIGNED # .. 2F800..2FA1D; PVALID # CJK COMP IDEO-2F800..CJK COMPA 2FA1E..2FFFD; UNASSIGNED # .. 2FFFE..2FFFF; DISALLOWED # .. 30000..3FFFD; UNASSIGNED # .. 3FFFE..3FFFF; DISALLOWED # .. 40000..4FFFD; UNASSIGNED # .. 4FFFE..4FFFF; DISALLOWED # .. 50000..5FFFD; UNASSIGNED # .. 5FFFE..5FFFF; DISALLOWED # .. 60000..6FFFD; UNASSIGNED # .. 6FFFE..6FFFF; DISALLOWED # .. 70000..7FFFD; UNASSIGNED # .. 7FFFE..7FFFF; DISALLOWED # .. 80000..8FFFD; UNASSIGNED # .. 8FFFE..8FFFF; DISALLOWED # .. 90000..9FFFD; UNASSIGNED # .. 9FFFE..9FFFF; DISALLOWED # .. A0000..AFFFD; UNASSIGNED # .. AFFFE..AFFFF; DISALLOWED # .. B0000..BFFFD; UNASSIGNED # .. BFFFE..BFFFF; DISALLOWED # .. C0000..CFFFD; UNASSIGNED # .. CFFFE..CFFFF; DISALLOWED # .. D0000..DFFFD; UNASSIGNED # .. DFFFE..DFFFF; DISALLOWED # .. E0000 ; UNASSIGNED # E0001 ; DISALLOWED # LANGUAGE TAG E0002..E001F; UNASSIGNED # .. E0020..E007F; DISALLOWED # TAG SPACE..CANCEL TAG Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 62] Internet-Draft PRECIS Framework November 2013 E0080..E00FF; UNASSIGNED # .. E0100..E01EF; DISALLOWED # VAR SEL-17..VAR SEL-256 E01F0..EFFFD; UNASSIGNED # .. EFFFE..10FFFF; DISALLOWED # .. Appendix B. Acknowledgements The authors would like to acknowledge the comments and contributions of the following individuals: David Black, Mark Davis, Alan DeKok, Martin Duerst, Patrik Faltstrom, Ted Hardie, Joe Hildebrand, Paul Hoffman, Jeffrey Hutzelman, Simon Josefsson, John Klensin, Alexey Melnikov, Takahiro Nemoto, Yoav Nir, Mike Parker, Pete Resnick, Andrew Sullivan, Dave Thaler, Yoshiro Yoneya, and Florian Zeitz. Some algorithms and textual descriptions have been borrowed from [RFC5892]. Some text regarding security has been borrowed from [RFC5890] and [I-D.ietf-xmpp-6122bis]. Authors' Addresses Peter Saint-Andre Cisco Systems, Inc. 1899 Wynkoop Street, Suite 600 Denver, CO 80202 USA Phone: +1-303-308-3282 Email: psaintan@cisco.com Marc Blanchet Viagenie 246 Aberdeen Quebec, QC G1R 2E1 Canada Email: Marc.Blanchet@viagenie.ca URI: http://www.viagenie.ca/ Saint-Andre & Blanchet Expires May 25, 2014 [Page 63]