Network Working Group J. Pezeshki Internet-Draft E. Ertekin Expires: February 28, 2008 R. Jasani C. Christou Booz Allen Hamilton August 27, 2007 IKEv2 Extensions to Support Robust Header Compression over IPsec (RoHCoIPsec) draft-ietf-rohc-ikev2-extensions-hcoipsec-03 Status of this Memo By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet- Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt. The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. This Internet-Draft will expire on February 28, 2008. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). Abstract When using Robust Header Compression (RoHC [ROHC]) in conjunction with IPsec [IPSEC] (i.e. [ROHCOIPSEC]) a mechanism is needed to negotiate RoHC configuration parameters between end-points prior to operation. Internet Key Exchange (IKE) is a mechanism which can be leveraged to handle these negotiations. This document specifies Pezeshki, et al. Expires February 28, 2008 [Page 1] Internet-Draft IKEv2 Extensions to Support RoHCoIPsec August 2007 extensions to Internet Key Exchange (IKEv2 [IKEV2]) that will allow RoHC and its associated configuration parameters to be negotiated for IPsec security associations (SAs). Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. RoHC Channel Negotiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.1. Negotiation of RoHC Channel Parameters . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 9 Pezeshki, et al. Expires February 28, 2008 [Page 2] Internet-Draft IKEv2 Extensions to Support RoHCoIPsec August 2007 1. Introduction Increased packet header overhead due to IPsec protection can result in inefficient utilization of bandwidth. Coupling RoHC with IPsec offers an efficient way to transfer protected IP traffic. For proper RoHCoIPsec [ROHCOIPSEC] operation, RoHC requires configuration parameters to be negotiated between the compressor and decompressor, prior to operation. Current specifications of hop-by- hop RoHC schemes negotiate these parameters through a link-layer protocol such as Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) (i.e. RoHC over PPP [ROHCPPP]). Similarly, key exchange protocols (e.g. IKEv2) are commonly used to negotiate parameters between IPsec peers before a SA can be established. This document proposes the use of IKEv2 to handle RoHC channel configuration for RoHCoIPsec, and details various extensions to IKEv2 which are intended to provide this functionality. 2. RoHC Channel Negotiation The initialization of a RoHC session requires the negotiation of a set of configuration parameters (e.g. MAX_CID, etc.). As such, a mechanism must exist for a RoHC enabled device to share a list of supported RoHC parameters with its peer, and for the peer to select the appropriate parameters from this list. Similarly, negotiable parameters must also be shared between IPsec peers before a SA can be established. To perform this negotiation, a key exchange protocol, IKEv2, is commonly used. IKEv2 is an extensible protocol that negotiates parameters via request/response message pairs (i.e. exchanges). A set of extensions to IKEv2 can be defined, which will allow for RoHC parameters to be negotiated during the creation and rekeying of Child SAs. This new Notify payload will contain values for the set of RoHC parameters to be negotiated between the two RoHC peers. 2.1. Negotiation of RoHC Channel Parameters RoHC configuration parameters will be negotiated at either the establishment or rekeying of a Child SA. Specifically, a Notify payload will be used during the IKE_AUTH and CREATE_CHILD_SA exchanges to negotiate the RoHCoIPsec session. The Notify payload sent by the initiator will contain the configuration parameters for the RoHC scheme. Upon receipt of the initiator's request, the responder will either ignore the payload (if it doesn't support RoHC or the proposed parameters) or respond with a Notify payload that contains the accepted RoHC channel parameters. These accepted Pezeshki, et al. Expires February 28, 2008 [Page 3] Internet-Draft IKEv2 Extensions to Support RoHCoIPsec August 2007 parameters are a subset of the parameters proposed by the initiator, and the parameters supported by the responder (e.g. if the initiator proposes a MAX_CID value of 15, but the responder only supports a MAX_CID value of 13, the responder will respond with a value of 13, which is supported by both parties). Note that only one Notify payload is used to convey RoHC parameters per exchange. If multiple Notify payloads relaying RoHC parameters are received by the responder, all but the first such Notify payload must be dropped. A new Notify Message Type value, denoted ROHC_SUPPORTED, will be added to indicate that the Notify payload is conveying RoHC channel parameters. Additionally, the fields of the Notify payload (as defined in [IKEV2]) are set as follows: Next Payload (1 octet) If the current payload is the last in the message, then this field will be 0. The Next Payload value of the previous payload must be 41, indicating that this current payload is a Notify Payload. Critical (1 bit) This value is set to zero, indicating that the recipient must skip this payload if it does not understand the payload type code in the Next Payload field of the previous payload. RESERVED (7 bits) Must be sent as zero, and must be ignored on receipt. Payload Length (2 octets) Length in octets of the current payload, including the generic payload header (the generic payload header is defined in [IKEV2], section 3.2). Protocol ID (1 octet) Since the RoHC parameters are set at SA creation, and thus do not relate to an existing SA, this field must be set to zero. SPI Size (1 octet) This value must be set to zero, since no SPI is applicable (RoHC parameters are set at SA creation, thus the SPI has not been defined). Notify Message Type (2 octets) This field must be set to ROHC_SUPPORTED. RoHC configuration parameters will be communicated via a new Notify message type, denoted ROHC_SUPPORTED. The RoHC configuration parameters will be listed within the Notification Data field of the Notify payload, in the following format: Pezeshki, et al. Expires February 28, 2008 [Page 4] Internet-Draft IKEv2 Extensions to Support RoHCoIPsec August 2007 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ ! MAX_CID ! MRRU ! +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ ! MAX_HEADER ! ! +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ + ! ! ~ PROFILES... ~ ! ! +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 1: Notification Data field MAX_CID (2 octets) The MAX_CID field indicates the maximum value of a context identifier. This value must be at least 0 and at most 16383 (The value 0 implies having one context). Suggested value: 15 Note: The value of LARGE_CIDS will be implicitly determined by this value (i.e. if MAX_CID is <= 15, LARGE_CIDS will be assumed to be 0). MRRU (2 octets) The MRRU field indicates the maximum reconstructed reception unit (see [ROHC], section 5.1.1). Suggested value: 0 The MRRU value is used in conjunction with the segmentation protocol defined in RoHC. Since RoHCoIPsec will generally be implemented across multiple link-layer "hops", segmentation will not normally be required. In these cases the MRRU value will be set to zero, indicating that no segment headers are allowed on the channel. MAX_HEADER (2 octets) The largest header size in octets that may be compressed. Suggested value: 168 octets Note: The MAX_HEADER parameter is not used for all RoHC profiles. If none of the RoHC profiles require this field, this value is ignored. PROFILES Pezeshki, et al. Expires February 28, 2008 [Page 5] Internet-Draft IKEv2 Extensions to Support RoHCoIPsec August 2007 The set of profiles to be enabled for the RoHC process. This field may be set to one (or multiple) values listed in 'ROHC profile identifiers' [ROHCPROF]. Note: When a pair of SAs are created (one in each direction), the RoHC channel parameter FEEDBACK_FOR is set implicitly to the other SA of the pair (i.e. the SA pointing in the reverse direction). 3. Security Considerations The RoHC parameters negotiated via IKEv2 do not add any new vulnerabilities beyond those associated with the normal operation of IKEv2. 4. IANA Considerations This document defines a new Notify Message (Status Type). Therefore, IANA is requested to allocate one value from the IKEv2 Notify Message registry to indicate ROHC_SUPPORTED. 5. Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank Mr. Sean O'Keeffe, Mr. James Kohler, and Ms. Linda Noone of the Department of Defense, as well as Mr. Rich Espy of OPnet for their contributions and support in the development of this document. The authors would also like to thank Mr. Tero Kivinen for providing his technical expertise for this document. In addition, the authors would like to thank the following for their numerous reviews and comments to this document: o Dr. Stephen Kent o Dr. Carsten Bormann o Mr. Lars-Erik Jonnson o Mr. Pasi Eronen Finally, the authors would also like to thank Mr. Tom Conkle, Ms. Michele Casey, and Mr. Etzel Brower. 6. References 6.1. Normative References [ROHC] Bormann, C., Burmeister, C., Degermark, M., Fukushima, H., Hannu, H., Jonsson, L., Hakenberg, R., Koren, T., Le, K., Pezeshki, et al. Expires February 28, 2008 [Page 6] Internet-Draft IKEv2 Extensions to Support RoHCoIPsec August 2007 Liu, Z., Martensson, A., Miyazaki, A., Svanbro, K., Wiebke, T., Yoshimura, T., and H. Zheng, "RObust Header Compression (ROHC): Framework and four profiles: RTP, UDP, ESP, and uncompressed", RFC 3095, July 2001. [IPSEC] Kent, S. and K. Seo, "Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol", RFC 4301, December 2005. [IKEV2] Kaufman, C., "Internet Key Exchange (IKEv2) Protocol", RFC 4306, December 2005. [ROHCPROF] IANA, ""RObust Header Compression (ROHC) Profile Identifiers", IANA registry at: http://www.iana.org/assignments/rohc-pro-ids", July 2007. 6.2. Informative References [ROHCOIPSEC] Ertekin, E., Christou, C., Jasani, R., and J. Pezeshki, "Integration of Robust Header Compression (ROHC) over IPsec Security Associations", work in progress , August 2007. [ROHCPPP] Bormann, C., "Robust Header Compression (ROHC) over PPP", RFC 3241, April 2002. Authors' Addresses Jonah Pezeshki Booz Allen Hamilton 13200 Woodland Park Dr. Herndon, VA 20171 US Email: pezeshki_jonah@bah.com Emre Ertekin Booz Allen Hamilton 13200 Woodland Park Dr. Herndon, VA 20171 US Email: ertekin_emre@bah.com Pezeshki, et al. Expires February 28, 2008 [Page 7] Internet-Draft IKEv2 Extensions to Support RoHCoIPsec August 2007 Rohan Jasani Booz Allen Hamilton 13200 Woodland Park Dr. Herndon, VA 20171 US Email: jasani_rohan@bah.com Chris Christou Booz Allen Hamilton 13200 Woodland Park Dr. Herndon, VA 20171 US Email: christou_chris@bah.com Pezeshki, et al. Expires February 28, 2008 [Page 8] Internet-Draft IKEv2 Extensions to Support RoHCoIPsec August 2007 Full Copyright Statement Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights. 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