Internet DRAFT - draft-ietf-sidr-rfc6485bis
draft-ietf-sidr-rfc6485bis
SIDR G. Huston
Internet-Draft G. Michaelson, Ed.
Obsoletes: 6485 (if approved) APNIC
Intended status: Standards Track March 8, 2016
Expires: September 9, 2016
The Profile for Algorithms and Key Sizes for use in the Resource Public
Key Infrastructure
draft-ietf-sidr-rfc6485bis-05.txt
Abstract
This document specifies the algorithms, algorithms' parameters,
asymmetric key formats, asymmetric key size, and signature format for
the Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) subscribers that
generate digital signatures on certificates, Certificate Revocation
Lists (CRLs), Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) signed objects and
certification requests as well as for the relying parties (RPs) that
verify these digital signatures.
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
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Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
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material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on September 9, 2016.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2016 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
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to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
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described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Asymmetric Key Pair Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.1. Public Key Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.2. Private Key Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4. Signature Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5. Additional Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
8. Changes Aplied to RFC6485 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
9. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
10.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
10.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1. Introduction
This document specifies:
* the digital signature algorithm and parameters;
* the hash algorithm and parameters;
* the public and private key formats; and,
* the signature format
used by Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) [RFC6480]
subscribers when they apply digital signatures to certificates and
Certificate Revocation Lists (CRLs) [RFC5280], Cryptographic Message
Syntax (CMS) signed objects [RFC5652] (e.g., Route Origin
Authorizations (ROAs) [RFC6482] and manifests [RFC6486]), and
certification requests [RFC2986][RFC4211]. Relying parties (RPs)
also use the algorithms defined in this document to verify RPKI
subscribers' digital signatures [RFC6480].
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This document is referenced by other RPKI profiles and
specifications, including the RPKI Certificate Policy (CP) [RFC6484],
the RPKI Certificate Profile [RFC6487], the RPKI Architecture
[RFC6480], and the Signed Object Template for the RPKI [RFC6488].
Familiarity with these documents is assumed.
1.1. Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
2. Algorithms
Two cryptographic algorithms are used in the RPKI:
* The signature algorithm used in certificates, CRLs, CMS signed
objects, and certification requests is RSA Public-Key
Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1 Version 1.5 (sometimes
referred to as "RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5") from Section 8.2 of
[RFC3447].
* The hashing algorithm used in certificates, CRLs, CMS signed
objects and certification requests is SHA-256 [SHS] (see note
below).
NOTE: The exception is the use of SHA-1 [SHS] when CAs generate
authority and subject key identifiers [RFC6487].
In certificates, CRLs, and certification requests the hashing and
digital signature algorithms are identified together, i.e., "RSA
PKCS#1 v1.5 with SHA-256" or more simply "RSA with SHA-256". The
Object Identifier (OID) sha256WithRSAEncryption from [RFC4055] MUST
be used in these products.
The OID is in the following locations:
In the certificate, the OID appears in the signature and
signatureAlgorithm fields [RFC4055];
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In the CRL, the OID appears in the signatureAlgorithm field
[RFC4055]; and
In a certification request, the OID appears in the PKCS #10
signatureAlgorithm field [RFC2986], or in the Certificate Request
Message Format (CRMF) POPOSigningKey algorithmIdentifier field
[RFC4211].
In CMS SignedData, the hashing (message digest) and digital signature
algorithms are identified separately. The object identifier and
parameters for SHA-256 (as defined in [RFC5754]) MUST be used for the
SignedData digestAlgorithms field and the SignerInfo digestAlgorithm
field. The object identifier and parameters for rsaEncryption
[RFC3370] MUST be used for the SignerInfo signatureAlgorithm field
when generating CMS SignedData objects. RPKI implementations MUST
accept either rsaEncryption or sha256WithRSAEncryption for the
SignerInfo signatureAlgorithm field when verifying CMS SignedData
objects (for compatibility with objects produced by implementations
conforming to [RFC6485]).
3. Asymmetric Key Pair Formats
The RSA key pairs used to compute the signatures MUST have a 2048-bit
modulus and a public exponent (e) of 65,537.
3.1. Public Key Format
The subject's public key is included in subjectPublicKeyInfo
[RFC5280]. It has two sub-fields: algorithm and subjectPublicKey.
The values for the structures and their sub-structures follow:
algorithm (which is an AlgorithmIdentifier type):
The object identifier for RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 with SHA-256 MUST be
used in the algorithm field, as specified in Section 5 of
[RFC4055]. The value for the associated parameters from that
clause MUST also be used for the parameters field.
subjectPublicKey:
RSAPublicKey MUST be used to encode the certificate's
subjectPublicKey field, as specified in [RFC4055].
3.2. Private Key Format
Local policy determines the private key format.
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4. Signature Format
The structure for the certificate's signature field is as specified
in Section 1.2 of [RFC4055]. The structure for the CMS SignedData's
signature field is as specified in [RFC5652].
5. Additional Requirements
It is anticipated that the RPKI will require the adoption of updated
key sizes and a different set of signature and hash algorithms over
time, in order to maintain an acceptable level of cryptographic
security to protect the integrity of signed products in the RPKI.
This profile should be replaced to specify such future requirements,
as and when appropriate.
The procedures to implement such a transition of key sizes and
algorithms is specified in [RFC6916]
6. Security Considerations
The Security Considerations of [RFC4055], [RFC5280], and [RFC6487]
apply to certificate and CRLs. The Security Considerations of
[RFC2986], [RFC4211], and [RFC6487] apply to certification />
requests. The Security Considerations of [RFC5754] apply to CMS
signed objects. No new security threats are introduced as a result
of this specification.
7. IANA Considerations
[Remove before publication. There are no IANA considerations in this
document.]
8. Changes Aplied to RFC6485
This update includes a slight technical change to [RFC6485] that is
considered to be outside the limited scope of an erratum. The
document update process has included other errata and also corrected
a number of nits.
Section 2 of [RFC6485] specified sha256WithRSAEncryption as the OID
to use for the SignerInfo signatureAlgorithm field in CMS
SignedObjects. However, existing implementations use the
rsaEncryption OID for this field. (Support for rsaEncryption in 3rd
party cryptographic libraries is better than sha256WithRSAEncryption,
perhaps because [RFC3370] says that support for rsaEncryption is
required while support for OIDs that specify both RSA and a digest
algorithm is optional.)
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Rather than force existing implementations to switch to
sha256WithRSAEncryption, this document was changed to follow existing
practice. This does not represent a cryptographic algorithm change,
just an identifier change. (Unlike certificates, CRLs, and
certification requests, CMS signed objects have a separate algorithm
identifier field for the hash (digest) algorithm, and that field is
already required to contain the id-sha256 OID per Section 2.)
To avoid compatibility problems, RPs are still required to accept
sha256WithRSAEncryption if encountered.
Other changes include:
* Minor wording and typo fixes.
* Some incorrect references were fixed ([RFC5652] instead of
[RFC3370], [RFC3447] instead of [RFC4055]).
* Additional citations were added to the Introduction.
* Section 2 now references the correct CRMF POPOSigningKey field
(algorithmIdentifier instead of signature).
* Certification requests are now mentioned along with
certificates, CRLs, and CMS signed objects.
* Section 5 now cites [RFC6916] (algorithm agility) and has been
updated to reflect the procedures mentioned there.
* "Signed object" is now "CMS signed object" everywhere.
9. Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the reuse in this document of material
originally contained in working drafts the RPKI Certificate Policy
[RFC6484] and resource certificate profile [RFC6487] documents. The
co-authors of these two documents, namely Stephen Kent, Derrick Kong,
Karen Seo, Ronald Watro, George Michaelson and Robert Loomans, are
acknowledged, with thanks. The constraint on key size noted in this
profile is the outcome of comments from Stephen Kent and review
comments from David Cooper. Sean Turner has provided additional
review input to this document.
Andrew Chi and David Mandelberg discovered the issue addressed in
this update to [RFC6485], and the changes in this updated
specification reflect the outcome of a discussion between Rob Austein
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and Matt Lepinski on the SIDR Working group mailing list. Richard
Hansen edited this update to the document.
10. References
10.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC2986] Nystrom, M. and B. Kaliski, "PKCS #10: Certification
Request Syntax Specification Version 1.7", RFC 2986,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2986, November 2000,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2986>.
[RFC3370] Housley, R., "Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)
Algorithms", RFC 3370, DOI 10.17487/RFC3370, August 2002,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3370>.
[RFC3447] Jonsson, J. and B. Kaliski, "Public-Key Cryptography
Standards (PKCS) #1: RSA Cryptography Specifications
Version 2.1", RFC 3447, DOI 10.17487/RFC3447, February
2003, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3447>.
[RFC4055] Schaad, J., Kaliski, B., and R. Housley, "Additional
Algorithms and Identifiers for RSA Cryptography for use in
the Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate
and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile", RFC 4055,
DOI 10.17487/RFC4055, June 2005,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4055>.
[RFC4211] Schaad, J., "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure
Certificate Request Message Format (CRMF)", RFC 4211,
DOI 10.17487/RFC4211, September 2005,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4211>.
[RFC5280] Cooper, D., Santesson, S., Farrell, S., Boeyen, S.,
Housley, R., and W. Polk, "Internet X.509 Public Key
Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List
(CRL) Profile", RFC 5280, DOI 10.17487/RFC5280, May 2008,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5280>.
[RFC5652] Housley, R., "Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)", STD 70,
RFC 5652, DOI 10.17487/RFC5652, September 2009,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5652>.
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[RFC5754] Turner, S., "Using SHA2 Algorithms with Cryptographic
Message Syntax", RFC 5754, DOI 10.17487/RFC5754, January
2010, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5754>.
[RFC6480] Lepinski, M. and S. Kent, "An Infrastructure to Support
Secure Internet Routing", RFC 6480, DOI 10.17487/RFC6480,
February 2012, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6480>.
[RFC6484] Kent, S., Kong, D., Seo, K., and R. Watro, "Certificate
Policy (CP) for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure
(RPKI)", BCP 173, RFC 6484, DOI 10.17487/RFC6484, February
2012, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6484>.
[RFC6487] Huston, G., Michaelson, G., and R. Loomans, "A Profile for
X.509 PKIX Resource Certificates", RFC 6487,
DOI 10.17487/RFC6487, February 2012,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6487>.
[RFC6488] Lepinski, M., Chi, A., and S. Kent, "Signed Object
Template for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure
(RPKI)", RFC 6488, DOI 10.17487/RFC6488, February 2012,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6488>.
[SHS] National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),
"FIPS Publication 180-3: Secure Hash Standard", FIPS
Publication 180-3, October 2008.
10.2. Informative References
[RFC6482] Lepinski, M., Kent, S., and D. Kong, "A Profile for Route
Origin Authorizations (ROAs)", RFC 6482,
DOI 10.17487/RFC6482, February 2012,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6482>.
[RFC6485] Huston, G., "The Profile for Algorithms and Key Sizes for
Use in the Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI)",
RFC 6485, DOI 10.17487/RFC6485, February 2012,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6485>.
[RFC6486] Austein, R., Huston, G., Kent, S., and M. Lepinski,
"Manifests for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure
(RPKI)", RFC 6486, DOI 10.17487/RFC6486, February 2012,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6486>.
[RFC6916] Gagliano, R., Kent, S., and S. Turner, "Algorithm Agility
Procedure for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure
(RPKI)", BCP 182, RFC 6916, DOI 10.17487/RFC6916, April
2013, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6916>.
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Authors' Addresses
Geoff Huston
APNIC
Email: gih@apnic.net
George Michaelson (editor)
APNIC
Email: ggm@apnic.net
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