Internet DRAFT - draft-jcurran-v6transitionplan
draft-jcurran-v6transitionplan
INTERNET-DRAFT John Curran
Expires: November 1, 2008 May 19, 2008
Intended status: Informational
An Internet Transition Plan
draft-jcurran-v6transitionplan-03
Status of this Memo
By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any
applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware
have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes
aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that
other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
Drafts.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.
The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.
This Internet-Draft will expire on November 1, 2008.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2008).
Abstract
This memo provides one possible plan for transitioning the Internet
from a predominantly IPv4-based connectivity model to a predominantly
IPv6-based connectivity model.
Requirements Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].
RFC 2119 defines the use of these key words to help make the intent
of standards track documents as clear as possible. While not a
standards track document, the same key words are used in this
document only for sake of clarity in describing the proposed
transition plan.
J. Curran Expires November 1, 2008 [Page 2]
Internet-Draft An Internet Transition Plan May 2008
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. A Phased Transition Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.1 Preparation Stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2 Transition Stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3 Post-Transition Stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
7. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Appendix A. Change History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 8
1. Introduction
This memo provides one possible plan for transitioning the Internet
from a predominantly IPv4-based connectivity model to a predominantly
IPv6-based connectivity model.
Other transition plans are possible and this purely informational
document does not create an obligation on any party to undertake any
of the actions specified herein, and the use of requirements language
per RFC 2119 is only for the purpose of clearly describing the
proposed transition plan in unambiguous terms.
The motivation for an Internet-wide transition plan is to facilitate
coordination of expectations among innumerable, highly decentralized
entities during a period of significant change, thus reducing risk to
the defining Internet property of universal connectivity.
The purpose of specifying this particular transition plan is to allow
for overall assessment of the challenges of accomplishing the desired
transition and to continue the discussion of Internet-wide transition
plans in general.
2. A Phased Transition Model
It is not reasonable to specify the changes that each and every system
connected to the Internet must undergo in order to achieve the desired
transition, as the number of connected systems precludes creating one
plan that contains such a level of detail. Further, while there are
common scenarios that may be specified for transitioning individual
networks (refer to [RFC3750] [RFC4057] and [CAMPUS]), the specific
timeline and mechanisms utilized for a given network will be unique.
Despite these challenges, it is necessary to coordinate expectations
on an overall basis so that Internet-wide connectivity is maintained
throughout the transition.
J. Curran Expires November 1, 2008 [Page 3]
Internet-Draft An Internet Transition Plan May 2008
This document specifies a three phase transition plan that includes
preparation, transition, and post-transition phases, and delineates
the necessary activities within each phase based on the role that an
organization plays in the provision and use of Internet services.
An important distinction made in this transition plan is identifying
the explicit requirement for existing end-site organizations to add
IPv6-based connectivity to their public-facing servers during a
transition phase. An accelerated adoption of IPv6 for public-facing
servers enables new organizations in the post-transition phase to be
connected to the Internet only via IPv6 and still have access to a
substantial representative base of publicly available servers.
For nearly every organization, the task of IPv6-enabling their public
facing servers is far easier than undertaking an organization-wide
adoption of IPv6. Still, the requirement for existing Internet
connected organizations to add IPv6 connectivity (even to a small
number of systems) will be a significant hurdle and require a level
of effort which may not be achievable given the lack of compelling
additional benefits to these organizations [RFC1669]. This transition
plan presumes that "connectivity is its own reward" [RFC1958] and
that there still exists a sufficient level of cooperation among
Internet participants to make this evolution possible.
The three proposed phases are: Preparation Phase, Transition Phase,
and Post-Transition Phase. The timeline for the phases has been set
to allow entry to the Post-Transition Phase prior to the projected
IPv4 address pool exhaustion date [IPUSAGE].
2.1 Preparation Phase - Present to December 2009
In the Preparation Phase, Service Providers pilot test their
IPv6 network services, and end-site organizations prepare to
provide Internet facing services via IPv6-based connectivity
while continuing to provide Internet-facing services via IPv4
connectivity.
During the Preparation Phase, the following principles apply:
2.1.1 Service Providers SHOULD offer pilot IPv6-based Internet
Service to their Internet customers. IPv6-based Internet
Service MAY be provided via IPv6 transition mechanisms
(such as those described in [RFC4213] for example) or
via native IPv6 network service.
2.1.2 Organizations SHOULD arrange for IPv6-based Internet
connectivity for any Internet-facing servers (e.g. web,
email, and domain name servers). Internet-facing IPv6
servers in this phase SHOULD use separate service names
per [RFC4472] to avoid impact to production IPv4-based
services unless the organization supports production
IPv6 connectivity.
2.1.3 Organizations MAY provide IPv6-based Internet connectivity
to internal user communities.
J. Curran Expires November 1, 2008 [Page 4]
Internet-Draft An Internet Transition Plan May 2008
2.2 Transition Phase - January 2010 to December 2011
In the Transition Phase, Service Providers offer production
IPv6 and IPv4 services to their Internet customers. End-site
organizations provide Internet-facing services in a production
manner via IPv6-based connectivity in addition to IPv4-based
connectivity.
During the Transition Phase, the following principles apply:
2.2.1 Service Providers MUST offer IPv6-based Internet Service to
their Internet customers. IPv6-based Internet Service SHOULD
be via native IPv6 network service but MAY be via IPv6
transition mechanisms if necessary.
2.2.2 Organizations MUST arrange for IPv6-based Internet
connectivity for any Internet-facing servers (e.g. web,
email, and domain name servers). Internet-facing IPv6
servers SHOULD be treated as production by the organization,
and SHOULD be treated as production by other Internet
organizations.
2.2.3 Organizations SHOULD provide IPv6-based Internet connectivity
to their internal user communities, and provide IPv6 internal
supporting servers (e.g. DNS, DHCP). IPv6-based Internet
connectivity MAY be via native IPv6 network service or MAY
be via IPv6 transition mechanisms.
2.3 Post-Transition Phase - January 2012 to the Future
In the Post-Transition Phase, End-site organizations provide all
Internet-facing services via IPv6-based connectivity, thus allowing
for new Internet customers connected solely by IPv6.
During the Post-Transition Phase, the following principles apply:
2.3.1 Service Providers MUST offer IPv6-based Internet Service to
their Internet customers. IPv6-based Internet Service SHOULD
be via native IPv6 network service.
2.3.2 Organizations MUST arrange for IPv6-based Internet connectivity
for any Internet-facing servers (e.g. web, email, and domain
name servers). Internet-facing IPv6 servers MUST be treated
as production by the organization, and SHOULD be treated as
production by other Internet organizations.
2.3.3 Organizations SHOULD provide IPv6-based Internet connectivity to
internal user communities, and provide IPv6 internal supporting
infrastructure (e.g. routers, DNS, DHCP, etc). IPv6-based
Internet connectivity SHOULD be via native IPv6 network service
or MAY be via IPv6 transition mechanisms.
2.3.4 Service Providers MAY continue to offer IPv4-based Internet
connectivity to their Internet customers. Organizations MAY
continue to use IPv4-based Internet connectivity.
J. Curran Expires November 1, 2008 [Page 5]
Internet-Draft An Internet Transition Plan May 2008
3. Summary
In order to facilitate full Internet-wide connectivity during the
transition from IPv4-based connectivity to IPv6-based connectivity,
a transition plan which provides clear guidance to organizations
regarding expectations is necessary. As the specific expectations
change over time, and vary greatly by organization, a phased approach
is specified in this document, with the timeline for each phase set
with the intention of allowing enough time for the necessary planning
and deployment steps which each organization much undertake. This
Internet Transition Plan provides for transition to predominantly
IPv6-connectivity by January 2012 which, with careful management, may
meet the overall requirements of allowing the Internet to scale as
specified in "The Recommendation for the IP Next Generation Protocol"
[RFC1752].
4. Security Considerations
This memo describes the transition of the Internet from IPv4-based
connectivity to predominantly IPv6-based connectivity. This change
inherently has security implications due to the widespread deployment
of a new version of the Internet Protocol but these are beyond the
scope of this document and are covered in [RFC4942]. This document
raises no new security issues itself.
5. IANA Considerations
While no new name or identifier space is created by this document,
the policies for management of Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4)
address space may not provide for IPv4 availability through the
Transition Phase as intended by this plan. The IANA should work with
all parties to develop policies per [RFC2050] which allow continued
general availability of IPv4 address resources sufficiently long for
any transition plan that receives widespread community support.
6. Acknowledgments
This document would not have been possible without the abundant
suggestions made by members of the Internet community at large,
but specific thanks go to Fred Baker, Jim Bound, Scott Bradner,
Bob Braden, Randy Bush, David Divins, Geoff Huston, Chris Morrow,
Jordi Palet Ken Shores, James Woodyatt, and the members of the
IETF V6 Operations Working Group for their review and insightful
suggestions for improvement.
J. Curran Expires November 1, 2008 [Page 6]
Internet-Draft An Internet Transition Plan May 2008
7. References
7.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC4213] Nordmark, E. and R. Gilligan, "Basic Transition
Mechanisms for IPv6 Hosts and Routers", RFC 4213,
October 2005.
[RFC4472] Durand, A., Ihren, J., and P. Savola, "Operational
Considerations and Issues with IPv6 DNS", RFC 4472,
April 2006.
[RFC1752] Bradner, S., Mankin, A.," The Recommendation for the
IP Next Generation Protocol", RFC 1752, Feburary 1995.
7.2. Informative References
[RFC1958] Carpenter, B., "Architectural Principles of the Internet",
RFC 1958, June 1996.
[RFC1669] Curran, J., "Market Viability as a IPng Criteria",
RFC 1669, August 1994.
[IPUSAGE] IPv4 Address Report,February 2008, by Geoff Huston.
<http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/index.html>
[RFC4057] Bound, J., Ed., "IPv6 Enterprise Network Scenarios",
RFC 4057, June 2005.
[RFC3750] Huitema, C., Austein, R., Satapati, S., and R. van der Pol,
"Unmanaged Networks IPv6 Transition Scenarios", RFC 3750,
April 2004.
[CAMPUS] Chown, T., "IPv6 Campus Transition Scenario Description and
Analysis", (Work in Progress), March 2007.
[RFC2050] Hubbard, K., Kosters, M., Conrad, D., Karrenberg, D., and
J. Postel, "Internet Registry IP Allocation Guidelines",
BCP 12, RFC 2050, November 1996.
[RFC4942] Davies, E., "IPv6 Transition/Coexistence Security
Considerations", September 2007.
J. Curran Expires November 1, 2008 [Page 7]
Internet-Draft An Internet Transition Plan February 2008
Appendix A. Change History
Changes from -02 version to -03 version:
o Revise Introduction to provide additional motivation language.
o Revise Introduction and requirements language preface to better
clarify use of RFC 2119 style terminology.
o Clarify need for IPv6-capable infrastructure rather than simply
servers in final phase.
o Correct misc typos and capitlization errors.
o Updated Acknowledgements section appropriately.
Changes from -01 version to -02 version:
o Clarification of pilot nature of IPv6 services prior to
start of Transition Phase.
o Strengthen use of native IPv6 in Post-Transition Phase.
Changes from -00 version to -01 version:
o Expanded discussion of phased transition model.
o Extended Preparation phase by one year to reflect overwhelming
community concern about the state of IPv6 readiness.
o Clarified use of IPv6 services in Preparation phase to advise
caution with respect to DNS interactions per RFC 4472.
o Removed last sentence of Post-Transition phase regarding removal
of IPv4-based connectivity. Removal of IPv4 is considered out of
the scope of this document.
o Updated Introduction to clarify use of RFC 2119 terminology
despite inherently non-standards nature of this document.
o Corrected misc typographic errors.
o Updated acknowledgments section.
Author's Address
John Curran
99 Otis Street
Cambridge, MA USA 20190
Email: jcurran@istaff.org
J. Curran Expires November 1, 2008 [Page 8]
Internet-Draft An Internet Transition Plan February 2008
Full Copyright Statement
Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2008).
This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions
contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors
retain all their rights.
This document and the information contained herein are provided on an
"AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS
OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY, THE IETF TRUST AND
THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF
THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Intellectual Property
The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to
pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
this document or the extent to which any license under such rights
might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has
made any independent effort to identify any such rights. Information
on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be
found in BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any
assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an
attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of
such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this
specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at
http://www.ietf.org/ipr.
The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary
rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement
this standard. Please address the information to the IETF at
ietf-ipr@ietf.org.
Acknowledgment
Funding for the RFC Editor function is provided by the IETF
Administrative Support Activity (IASA).
